Abstract Demand for an antenna with high gain and directivity for medical sensing is necessary so the Vivaldi antenna in the THz spectrum with reconfigurable characteristics is a proper solution. Antenna design with a higher gain and bandwidth can be a remarkable choice for THz sensing. Thus, in this work, a Vivaldi antenna is developed for 0.5 to 2 THz with more than 120% bandwidth. To obtain the reconfigurable characteristics, the graphene slabs can be used for this type of antenna to improve the bandwidth when the chemical potential is changed from 0.1 to 0.7 eV. Using the graphene slabs can affect both the gain and return loss of the antenna. Therefore, to modify the return loss, the graphene plasmonic nano-ribbons are used and silicon slabs are improvised between the graphene to reduce its drawback by providing a hyperbolic metamaterial lens. The hyperbolic metamaterial lens can concentrate the electric field to compensate for the graphene loss. The final antenna gain is increased up to 11.5 dBi, which makes it attractive for biosensing. This antenna is used for recognizing the cancerous and healthy skin tissue in the THz spectrum.

中文翻译：

---

基于石墨烯负载的可重构 Vivaldi THz 天线作为皮肤癌光谱的双曲超材料

摘要 医学传感需要具有高增益和高指向性的天线，因此具有可重构特性的太赫兹频谱Vivaldi天线是一个合适的解决方案。具有更高增益和带宽的天线设计可以成为太赫兹传感的绝佳选择。因此，在这项工作中，开发了 0.5 至 2 THz 的 Vivaldi 天线，带宽超过 120%。为了获得可重构特性，当化学势从 0.1 eV 变为 0.7 eV 时，石墨烯板可用于此类天线以提高带宽。使用石墨烯板会影响天线的增益和回波损耗。因此，为了修改回波损耗，使用了石墨烯等离子体纳米带，并在石墨烯之间临时添加了硅板，以通过提供双曲超材料透镜来减少其缺点。双曲超材料透镜可以集中电场来补偿石墨烯的损失。最终天线增益增加到 11.5 dBi，这使其对生物传感具有吸引力。该天线用于识别太赫兹频谱中的癌变和健康皮肤组织。