Regulatory T cells (Tregs) control immune homeostasis and prevent exacerbated immune responses, and can be used as cell therapy to dampen a variety of autoimmune or autoinflammatory responses. Treg therapy is significantly more effective if the cells are antigen-specific. One way to re-direct the specificity of Tregs is to engineer them to express a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR). Proof-of-concept studies have shown the potential for “basic” models of CAR-Tregs to be used as cellular therapy in autoimmunity, organ transplantation and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In parallel, work in the context of cancer has significantly advanced knowledge of how to optimise CAR-T cell structure and function for more precise and potent function. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about important considerations when generating CAR-Tregs. We also extrapolate from emerging findings with CAR-T cells about strategies to further improve CAR-Treg function, creating “luxury” models with refined activity.

调节性T细胞（Tregs）控制免疫稳态并防止加剧的免疫反应，并且可以用作细胞疗法来抑制多种自身免疫或自身炎症反应。如果细胞是抗原特异性的，则Treg疗法明显更有效。重定向Tregs特异性的一种方法是改造它们以表达嵌合抗原受体（CAR）。概念验证研究表明，CAR-Tr​​eg的“基本”模型在自身免疫，器官移植和造血干细胞移植中用作细胞疗法的潜力。同时，在癌症方面的工作对如何优化CAR-T细胞结构和功能以实现更精确和有效的功能具有非常先进的知识。在这篇评论中 我们总结了生成CAR-Tr​​eg时有关重要注意事项的知识现状。我们还从关于CAR-T细胞的新发现中推断出有关进一步改善CAR-Tr​​eg功能，创建具有精致活性的“豪华”模型的策略。