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Partitioning and solubilities of metals and metalloids in spring rains in Moscow megacity
Atmospheric Pollution Research ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2020.09.012
Dmitry Vlasov , Nikolay Kasimov , Irina Eremina , Galina Shinkareva , Natalia Chubarova

This study obtained the first dataset on the solubilities and partitioning of metals and metalloids (MMs), including Al, As, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sn, Sr, Th, Ti, Tl, U, V, W, Y, Zn, and Zr, during spring rains in Moscow. MM concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic emission spectroscopy. The metals Ti, Zr, Al, Sn, Fe, W, Th, Li, V, Cs, Bi, and Y were predominant in the insoluble fraction of the rainwater, whilst Sb, Zn, Ca, Cd were prevalent in the soluble fraction. The end of the winter heating season, together with a weaker dilution effect due to lower precipitation in April, caused higher soluble and insoluble MM concentrations in rainwater than those in May. MM solubilities increased with decreasing pH and longer periods of precipitation, and declined with an increase in precipitation intensity, the length of the antecedent dry period, and the content of solid particles in the rainwater. A 20%–50% increase in solubility in acid rains compared to non-acid rains was observed for Y, Pb, U, Be, Na, Ni, Th, Cu, W, Fe, Mg, Cr, Tl, and Ba. Anthropogenic sources contributed significantly to the concentration of soluble MMs (>90% for Sb, Pb, Se, Cd, Zn, Cu, Bi, Ca, Mo, Sc, Ba, As, W, Sr, Mn, Sn, Co, Tl, Ni, and Be). For the insoluble MM, crustal materials were the important contributors. During public holidays in Russia in the first decade of May, an increase in the proportion of insoluble MMs was observed.



中文翻译:

莫斯科特大城市春季降雨中金属和准金属的分配和溶解度

这项研究获得了有关金属和准金属(MM)的溶解度和分配的第一个数据集,包括Al,As,Ba,Be,Bi,Ca,Cd,Co,Cr,Cs,Cu,Fe,K,Li,Mg,在莫斯科的春雨期间,Mn,Mo,Na,Ni,Pb,Rb,Sb,Sc,Se,Sn,Sr,Th,Ti,Tl,U,V,W,Y,Zn和Zr。使用感应耦合等离子体质谱法和原子发射光谱法测定MM浓度。金属Ti,Zr,Al,Sn,Fe,W,Th,Li,V,Cs,Bi和Y在雨水的不溶部分中占主导地位,而Sb,Zn,Ca,Cd在可溶部分中占主导地位。冬季供暖季节的结束,再加上4月降水减少,稀释作用减弱,导致雨水中MM的可溶和不溶MM浓度高于5月。MM溶解度随pH值的降低和沉淀时间的延长而增加,而随着沉淀强度,前期干燥时间的延长以及雨水中固体颗粒含量的增加而降低。与非酸雨相比,Y,Pb,U,Be,Na,Ni,Th,Cu,W,Fe,Mg,Cr,Tl和Ba的溶解度比非酸雨增加20%–50%。人为来源显着地促进了可溶性MM的浓度(Sb,Pb,Se,Cd,Zn,Cu,Bi,Ca,Mo,Sc,Ba,As,W,Sr,Mn,Sn,Co,Tl的> 90% ,Ni和Be)。对于不溶性MM,地壳物质是重要的贡献者。在五月的前十年的俄罗斯公共假日期间,观察到不溶性MM的比例有所增加。干燥前期的长度以及雨水中固体颗粒的含量。与非酸雨相比,Y,Pb,U,Be,Na,Ni,Th,Cu,W,Fe,Mg,Cr,Tl和Ba的溶解度比非酸雨增加20%–50%。人为来源显着地促进了可溶性MM的浓度(Sb,Pb,Se,Cd,Zn,Cu,Bi,Ca,Mo,Sc,Ba,As,W,Sr,Mn,Sn,Co,Tl的> 90% ,Ni和Be)。对于不溶性MM,地壳物质是重要的贡献者。在五月的前十年的俄罗斯公共假日期间,观察到不溶性MM的比例有所增加。干燥前期的长度以及雨水中固体颗粒的含量。与非酸雨相比,Y,Pb,U,Be,Na,Ni,Th,Cu,W,Fe,Mg,Cr,Tl和Ba的溶解度比非酸雨增加20%–50%。人为来源显着地促进了可溶性MM的浓度(Sb,Pb,Se,Cd,Zn,Cu,Bi,Ca,Mo,Sc,Ba,As,W,Sr,Mn,Sn,Co,Tl的> 90% ,Ni和Be)。对于不溶性MM,地壳物质是重要的贡献者。在五月的前十年的俄罗斯公共假日期间,观察到不溶性MM的比例有所增加。人为来源显着地促进了可溶性MM的浓度(Sb,Pb,Se,Cd,Zn,Cu,Bi,Ca,Mo,Sc,Ba,As,W,Sr,Mn,Sn,Co,Tl的> 90% ,Ni和Be)。对于不溶性MM,地壳物质是重要的贡献者。在五月的前十年的俄罗斯公共假日期间,观察到不溶性MM的比例有所增加。人为来源显着地促进了可溶性MM的浓度(Sb,Pb,Se,Cd,Zn,Cu,Bi,Ca,Mo,Sc,Ba,As,W,Sr,Mn,Sn,Co,Tl的> 90% ,Ni和Be)。对于不溶性MM,地壳物质是重要的贡献者。在五月的前十年的俄罗斯公共假日期间,观察到不溶性MM的比例有所增加。

更新日期:2020-09-28
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