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What does success look like for air quality policy? A perspective
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-28 , DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0326
Paul S. Monks 1 , Martin L. Williams 2
Affiliation  

This paper explores the drivers and role of science in air quality policy over the last 100 years or so. Case studies on the smogs of Los Angeles and London, acid rain, health impacts of particulate matter, diesel and lead in fuel are used to explore the drivers and models for the interaction of science, evidence and air quality policy. It suggests there are two phases to air quality mitigation, the first driven by the air quality emergency as the pollution is visible and the effects can be relatively obvious and the second driven by science that is directed towards continuous improvement. A critical element of the ‘science phase’ is the evidence base, the models of evidence-based and -informed policy-making are explored with the conclusion that it is optimal when guided by the ideal of co-creation of knowledge and policy options between scientists and policy-makers. The future and wider drivers for air quality are detailed with a number of key areas for ‘success’ indicated as important for air quality policy development such as continuous improvement. Overall, we find there is tension between two factors: the ambition to reduce emissions, improve air quality and reduce the impacts on public health and the environment on one hand, and questions of cost, technical feasibility and societal acceptability on the other. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Air quality, past present and future’.

中文翻译:

空气质量政策的成功是什么样的?一个观点

本文探讨了在过去 100 年左右的时间里,科学在空气质量政策中的驱动因素和作用。洛杉矶和伦敦的烟雾、酸雨、颗粒物对健康的影响、柴油和燃料中的铅的案例研究被用来探索科学、证据和空气质量政策相互作用的驱动因素和模型。它表明空气质量缓解有两个阶段,第一阶段由空气质量紧急情况驱动,因为污染是可见的,影响可能相对明显,第二阶段由旨在持续改进的科学驱动。“科学阶段”的一个关键要素是证据基础,探索了以证据为基础和知情的决策模型,得出的结论是,当以科学家和决策者之间共同创造知识和政策选择的理想为指导时,它是最佳的。对空气质量的未来和更广泛的驱动因素进行了详细说明,并指出了许多“成功”的关键领域,这些领域对于空气质量政策的制定(例如持续改进)很重要。总的来说,我们发现两个因素之间存在紧张关系:一方面是减少排放、改善空气质量和减少对公共健康和环境的影响的雄心,另一方面是成本、技术可行性和社会可接受性的问题。本文是讨论会问题“空气质量,过去现在和未来”的一部分。对空气质量的未来和更广泛的驱动因素进行了详细说明,并指出了许多“成功”的关键领域,这些领域对于空气质量政策的制定(例如持续改进)很重要。总的来说,我们发现两个因素之间存在紧张关系:一方面是减少排放、改善空气质量和减少对公共健康和环境的影响的雄心,另一方面是成本、技术可行性和社会可接受性的问题。本文是讨论会问题“空气质量,过去现在和未来”的一部分。对空气质量的未来和更广泛的驱动因素进行了详细说明,并指出了许多“成功”的关键领域,这些领域对于空气质量政策的制定(例如持续改进)很重要。总的来说,我们发现两个因素之间存在紧张关系:一方面是减少排放、改善空气质量和减少对公共健康和环境的影响的雄心,另一方面是成本、技术可行性和社会可接受性的问题。本文是讨论会问题“空气质量,过去现在和未来”的一部分。另一方面是成本、技术可行性和社会可接受性的问题。本文是讨论会问题“空气质量,过去现在和未来”的一部分。另一方面是成本、技术可行性和社会可接受性的问题。本文是讨论会问题“空气质量,过去现在和未来”的一部分。
更新日期:2020-09-28
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