Coal and gas outbursts are among the most severe disasters threatening the safety of coal mines around the world. They are dynamic phenomena characterized by large quantities of coal and gas ejected from working faces within a short time. Numerous researchers have conducted studies on outburst prediction, and a variety of indices have been developed to this end. However, these indices are usually empirical or based on local experience, and the accurate prediction of outbursts is not feasible due to the complicated mechanisms of outbursts. This study conducts outburst experiments using large-scale multifunctional equipment developed in the laboratory to develop a more robust outburst prediction method. In this study, the coal temperature during the outburst process was monitored using temperature sensors. The results show that the coal temperature decreased rapidly as the outburst progressed. Meanwhile, the coal temperature in locations far from the outburst mouth increased. The coal broken in the stress concentration state is the main factor causing the abnormal temperature rise. The discovery of these phenomena lays a theoretical foundation and provides an experimental basis for an effective outburst prediction method. An outburst prediction method based on monitoring temperature was proposed, and has a simpler and faster operation process and is not easily disturbed by coal mining activities. What is more, the critical values of coal temperature rises or temperature gradients can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situations of different coal mines to predict outbursts more effectively and accurately.

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煤矿突出预测的意义

煤与瓦斯突出是严重威胁全球煤矿安全的最严重灾害之一。它们是动态现象，其特征是在短时间内从工作面上喷出大量煤和气。许多研究人员对爆发预测进行了研究，并且为此目的已经开发了多种指标。但是，这些指标通常是经验性的或基于当地经验，由于复杂的爆发机制，因此难以准确预测爆发。本研究使用实验室开发的大型多功能设备进行爆发实验，以开发更可靠的爆发预测方法。在这项研究中，使用温度传感器监控突出过程中的煤温。结果表明，随着突出的进行，煤温迅速下降。同时，远离突出口的位置的煤温升高。在应力集中状态下破碎的煤是引起温度异常升高的主要因素。这些现象的发现奠定了理论基础，为有效的爆发预测方法提供了实验基础。提出了一种基于温度监测的突出预测方法，该方法预报过程简单，快捷，不易受到采煤活动的干扰。而且，可以根据不同煤矿的实际情况灵活调整煤温升高或温度梯度的临界值，以更有效，更准确地预测煤层突出。