Microorganisms play an important role in water quality maintenance, waste management, productivity enhancement, nutrient cycling, functional feed development, protection against infectious diseases, delivery of antigens and several other health benefits in aquaculture. The most significant use of microbes in aquaculture to minimize the antibiotics and drugs is through probiotics. The scope of probiotics in modern aquaculture has been enormous due to the detrimental consequences of routinely used antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents and demand for safe aquatic products for human consumption. Since past few decades, both scientific and commercial interests are burgeoning in this field, and over the years, several probiotics are successfully used in aquaculture. Among various probiotics that are being used, Bacillus species are the common probiotics that are used in different aquatic animals. Several probiotics species belonging to Bacillus genus are currently been used, and Bacillus subtilis is one of such probiotics that is very well‐researched and most widely used probiotics in aquaculture. While its probiotic use has already been an important component in diverse aquaculture practices, its application in water quality improvement, utility in bioflocs/bioremediation and vehicle to express and delivery of heterologous antigen are noteworthy. It exerts innumerable beneficial effects such as improvement of growth, nutrition, immunity and disease resistance in aquatic species. This bacterium adopts a variety of disparate and overlapping mechanisms such as synergistic, antagonistic, competitive exclusion and immune‐stimulating effects. This review summarizes various applications of this bacterium as probiotics, bioremediating agent, bioflocing agent and possible live vaccine vehicle in aquaculture.

中文翻译：

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益生芽孢杆菌种在水产养殖中的多方面应用，特别涉及枯草芽孢杆菌

微生物在水质维持，废物管理，生产率提高，养分循环，饲料开发，防止传染病，抗原传递和水产养殖中的其他健康益处方面起着重要作用。在水产养殖中，最大程度地减少微生物和抗生素的最重要用途是通过益生菌。由于常规使用的抗生素和化学治疗剂的有害后果以及对人类食用安全水产品的需求，现代水产养殖中益生菌的范围非常广泛。在过去的几十年中，科学和商业兴趣都在该领域迅速发展，并且多年来，数种益生菌已成功用于水产养殖。在使用的各种益生菌中，芽孢杆菌物种是在不同水生动物中使用的常见益生菌。目前使用了几种属于芽孢杆菌属的益生菌，枯草芽孢杆菌是在水产养殖中经过广泛研究和广泛使用的益生菌之一。尽管益生菌的使用已成为各种水产养殖实践的重要组成部分，但值得注意的是，其在水质改善，生物絮凝剂/生物修复中的应用以及表达和传递异源抗原的载体方面的应用也很值得关注。它发挥了无数有益的作用，例如改善了水生物种的生长，营养，免疫力和抗病能力。该细菌采用各种不同的和重叠的机制，例如协同，拮抗，竞争性排斥和免疫刺激作用。这篇综述总结了该细菌作为益生菌，生物修复剂，生物絮凝剂和可能的活疫苗载体在水产养殖中的各种应用。