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Gene expression, antioxidation and growth were considerably promoted by feeding dietary vitamin E and alanyl‐glutamine dipeptide supplementation in juvenile tilapia in cold freshwater
Aquaculture Nutrition ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-27 , DOI: 10.1111/anu.13154
Youqing Xu 1 , Yimin Zheng 1, 2 , Weifeng Li 1, 3 , Yongqiang Liu 1, 2 , Zhaokun Ding 1
Affiliation  

In the winter of south China, low water temperatures resulted in a large‐scale mortality of tilapia, which is a tropical fish and sensitive to cold. How can we solute the problem? The growth performance, antioxidation and gene expression of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles in cold freshwater were investigated by feeding various dietary vitamin E (VE) or/and alanyl‐glutamine dipeptide (AGD) supplementation. Seven groups of the juveniles in triplicate were reared in tanks, with 120 L volume and 38 fish each tank, using exposed, filtered and aerated tap‐water. One group of the juveniles was reared in 28°C (normal water temperature control and marked as D0′) and another six groups of the juveniles in 18°C (cold water, one marked as cold water control, D0, and five marked as D1–D5). The GIFT tilapia juveniles were fed twice daily using one of six specific diets: control diet (D0′, D0) without additive; diets 1 to 5 were added different doses of VE or/and AGD based on per kg of dried feed. Diet 1 (D1) was added VE 100 IU alone; diet 2 (D2) AGD 10 g only; diet 3 (D3) VE 100 IU and AGD 10 g; diet 4 (D4) VE 50 IU and AGD 5 g; diet 5 (D5) VE 25 IU and AGD 2.5 g. The GIFT tilapia juveniles were reared for 12 weeks and sampled randomly for analysis in week 0 and 12. The following parameters in the serum, muscle and liver of the juveniles were determined: the expression of heat shock proteins 70 (HSP70), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPARα) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) genes, survival rate (SR), relative weight gain (RWG), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), GPX, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), glutathione/glutathione oxidized (GSH/GSSG) and total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC). The above‐mentioned parameters in the serum, muscle and liver of the D0 juveniles (18°C control) were lower significantly (p < .05) than those of the D0′ juveniles (28°C control). However, the above‐mentioned parameters were considerably promoted by feeding various additional dietary VE or/and AGD, in which the highest HSP70, PPARα and GPX gene expression, SR, RWG, SGR, PER, antioxidases, GSH/GSSG and T‐AOC were found in the liver, muscle and serum of the juveniles fed D3 and differed significantly from those of the juveniles fed other diets, respectively. In concluded, D3, with additional VE 100 IU and AGD 10 g per kg of dried feed, was the optimum diet for juvenile GIFT tilapia in 18°C freshwater.

中文翻译:

补充饲料中维生素E和丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺二肽对冷罗非鱼幼鱼的基因表达,抗氧化和生长的促进作用

在华南冬季,低水温导致罗非鱼大规模死亡,罗非鱼是一种热带鱼,对寒冷敏感。我们如何解决问题?转基因罗非鱼(GIFT,尼罗罗非鱼)的生长性能,抗氧化和基因表达)通过补充各种饮食中的维生素E(VE)或/和丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺二肽(AGD)来研究冷淡水中的未成年人。将七个成年幼体一式三份放在水箱中饲养,每个水箱容量为120升,每个水箱使用裸露,过滤和充气的自来水38条鱼。一组少年在28°C下饲养(正常水温控制并标记为D0'),另一组少年在18°C下饲养(冷水,一组标记为冷水控制,D0,五组标记为D1-D5)。GIFT罗非鱼幼鱼每天喂食两次,使用六种特定饮食之一:不含添加剂的对照饮食(D0',D0); 在每公斤干饲料中添加1至5种不同剂量的VE或/和AGD。饮食1(D1)仅添加VE 100 IU;饮食2(D2)仅10克AGD;饮食3(D3)VE 100 IU和AGD 10克; 饮食4(D4)VE 50 IU和AGD 5克; 饮食5(D5)VE 25 IU和AGD 2.5克。将GIFT罗非鱼幼鱼饲养12周,并在第0和12周随机取样进行分析。确定了这些幼鱼的血清,肌肉和肝脏中的以下参数:热休克蛋白70(HSP70)的表达,过氧化物酶体增殖物-活化受体α(PPARα)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)基因,存活率(SR),相对体重增加(RWG),比生长率(SGR),蛋白质效率比(PER),GPX,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),谷胱甘肽/谷胱甘肽氧化(GSH / GSSG)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。D0少年(18°C对照)的血清,肌肉和肝脏中的上述参数显着降低(将GIFT罗非鱼幼鱼饲养12周,并在第0和12周随机取样进行分析。确定了这些幼鱼的血清,肌肉和肝脏中的以下参数:热休克蛋白70(HSP70)的表达,过氧化物酶体增殖物-活化受体α(PPARα)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)基因,存活率(SR),相对体重增加(RWG),比生长率(SGR),蛋白质效率比(PER),GPX,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),谷胱甘肽/谷胱甘肽氧化(GSH / GSSG)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。D0少年(18°C对照)的血清,肌肉和肝脏中的上述参数显着降低(将GIFT罗非鱼幼鱼饲养12周,并在第0和12周随机取样进行分析。确定了这些幼鱼的血清,肌肉和肝脏中的以下参数:热休克蛋白70(HSP70)的表达,过氧化物酶体增殖物-活化受体α(PPARα)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)基因,存活率(SR),相对体重增加(RWG),比生长率(SGR),蛋白质效率比(PER),GPX,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),谷胱甘肽/谷胱甘肽氧化(GSH / GSSG)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。D0少年(18°C对照)的血清,肌肉和肝脏中的上述参数显着降低(确定了青少年的肌肉和肝脏:热休克蛋白70(HSP70),过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)基因的表达,存活率(SR),相对体重增加(RWG),比生长率(SGR),蛋白质效率比(PER),GPX,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),谷胱甘肽/谷胱甘肽氧化(GSH / GSSG)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。D0少年(18°C对照)的血清,肌肉和肝脏中的上述参数显着降低(确定了青少年的肌肉和肝脏:热休克蛋白70(HSP70),过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)基因的表达,存活率(SR),相对体重增加(RWG),比生长率(SGR),蛋白质效率比(PER),GPX,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),谷胱甘肽/谷胱甘肽氧化(GSH / GSSG)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。D0少年(18°C对照)的血清,肌肉和肝脏中的上述参数显着降低(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),谷胱甘肽/谷胱甘肽氧化(GSH / GSSG)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。D0少年(18°C对照)的血清,肌肉和肝脏中的上述参数显着降低(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),谷胱甘肽/谷胱甘肽氧化(GSH / GSSG)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。D0少年(18°C对照)的血清,肌肉和肝脏中的上述参数显着降低(p  <.05),比D0'少年(28°C对照)高。但是,通过饲喂各种额外的膳食VE或/和AGD,大大提高了上述参数,其中HSP70,PPARα和GPX基因表达最高,SR,RWG,SGR,PER,抗氧化酶,GSH / GSSG和T-AOC最高分别在喂食D3的幼鱼的肝脏,肌肉和血清中发现,并且分别与喂食其他日粮的幼虫有显着差异。总而言之,D3加上VE 100 IU和每千克干饲料10 g AGD,是在18°C淡水中少年GIFT罗非鱼的最佳饮食。
更新日期:2020-11-18
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