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Sex differences in the use of spatial cues in two avian brood parasites.
Animal Cognition ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-27 , DOI: 10.1007/s10071-020-01434-8
Jimena Lois-Milevicich 1 , Alex Kacelnik 2 , Juan Carlos Reboreda 1
Affiliation  

Shiny and screaming cowbirds are avian interspecific brood parasites that locate and prospect host nests in daylight and return from one to several days later to lay an egg during the pre-dawn twilight. Thus, during nest location and prospecting, both location information and visual features are available, but the latter become less salient in the low-light conditions when the nests are visited for laying. This raises the question of how these different sources of information interact, and whether this reflects different behavioural specializations across sexes. Differences are expected, because in shiny cowbirds, females act alone, but in screaming cowbirds, both sexes make exploratory and laying nest visits together. We trained females and males of shiny and screaming cowbird to locate a food source signalled by both colour and position (cues associated), and evaluated performance after displacing the colour cue to make it misleading (cues dissociated). There were no sex or species differences in acquisition performance while the cues were associated. When the colour cue was relocated, individuals of both sexes and species located the food source making fewer visits to non-baited wells than expected by chance, indicating that they all retained the position as an informative cue. In this phase, however, shiny cowbird females, but not screaming, outperformed conspecific males, visiting fewer non-baited wells before finding the food location and making straighter paths in the search. These results are consistent with a greater reliance on spatial memory, as expected from the shiny cowbird female’s specialization on nest location behaviour.



中文翻译:

两种禽类寄生虫在使用空间线索时的性别差异。

闪亮而尖叫的牛cow是鸟类的种间寄生虫,它们在白天定位并寻找寄主的巢,并在一天到几天后返回并在黎明前的黄昏产卵。因此,在巢定位和勘探期间,位置信息和视觉特征都是可用的,但是当在低光照条件下拜访巢进​​行铺设时,后者在低光照条件下的重要性就降低了。这就提出了一个问题,即这些不同的信息源如何相互作用,以及这是否反映了跨性别的不同行为专业。差异是可以预料的,因为在有光泽的牛鸟中,雌性独自行动,但在尖叫的牛鸟中,男女双方都进行探索性探访和筑巢探访。我们训练了有光泽和高声尖叫的牛鸟的雌性和雄性,以查找由颜色和位置(相关提示)表示的食物来源,并在替换颜色提示以使其误导(提示分离)之后评估性能。提示关联时,采集性能没有性别或物种差异。重新布置颜色提示后,无论是性别还是物种的个体都找到了食物源,对非诱饵井的访问次数少于偶然的预期,表明他们都保留了作为信息提示的位置。然而,在此阶段,有光泽的牛bird雌性要胜过同种雄性,但没有尖叫,在找到食物位置并进行更直的搜索之前,拜访较少的非诱饵井。这些结果与对空间记忆的更大依赖相一致,

更新日期:2020-09-28
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