Dyspnea is a frequent symptom among patients with thyroid disorders. However, its actual causative mechanism is not clear. The diaphragm is the main inspiratory muscle and contraction of the diaphragm is essential for breathing, so any disorder that interferes with contractile muscle function can cause diaphragm dysfunction which is associated with dyspnea. The objective of study is to assess the effect of thyroid disorders on diaphragm excursion and thickness. Diaphragmatic excursion during tidal, deep, and sniff respiration were significantly decreased in patients with thyroid disorder in comparison to control and significantly decreased in hypothyroid patients (right tidal 1.42 ± 0.29, right deep respiration 5.07 ± 0.72, and sniff 2.15 ± 0.26 cm) than hyperthyroid patients (right tidal 1.61 ± 0.34, right deep respiration 5.63 ± 0.50, and sniff 2.67 ± 0.27 cm) and than the control group (right tidal 2.17 ± 0.27, right deep respiration 6.63 ± 0.33, right sniff 2.89 ± 0.19 cm). Diaphragmatic thickness at end tidal inspiration was significantly decreased in patients with thyroid disorder in comparison to control (p value < 0.05). There was negative correlation between diaphragmatic excursion and duration of disease. Diaphragmatic excursion and thickness are affected in hypothyroidism compared to hyperthyroidism and control groups. There is significant negative correlation between diaphragmatic excursion and duration of disease in patients’ group. Respiratory symptoms are more frequent in hypothyroid patients.

中文翻译：

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甲状腺患者的ph肌超声和肺功能评估：病例对照研究

呼吸困难是甲状腺疾病患者的常见症状。但是，其实际的致病机理尚不清楚。隔膜是主要的吸气肌肉，隔膜的收缩对于呼吸至关重要，因此任何干扰收缩性肌肉功能的疾病都会导致隔膜功能障碍，并伴有呼吸困难。研究的目的是评估甲状腺疾病对diaphragm肌偏移和厚度的影响。与对照组相比，甲状腺疾病患者在潮气，深呼吸和嗅呼吸时的肌偏移明显降低，而在甲状腺功能减退患者中，right呼吸明显降低（右潮气1.42±0.29，右深呼吸5.07±0.72和呼吸2.15±0.26 cm）甲状腺功能亢进的患者（潮汐右1.61±0.34，右深呼吸5.63±0.50，嗅探2.67±0.27 cm）和对照组（右潮气2.17±0.27，右深呼吸6.63±0.33，右嗅2.89±0.19 cm）。与对照组相比，甲状腺疾病患者在潮气末期的inspiration肌厚度明显降低（p值<0.05）。diaphragm肌偏移与疾病持续时间之间呈负相关。与甲状腺功能亢进症和对照组相比，甲状腺功能低下的exc肌偏移和厚度受到影响。患者diaphragm肌偏移与疾病持续时间之间存在显着负相关。甲状腺功能减退患者的呼吸道症状更为常见。与对照组相比，甲状腺疾病患者在潮气末期的inspiration肌厚度明显降低（p值<0.05）。diaphragm肌偏移与疾病持续时间之间呈负相关。与甲状腺功能亢进症和对照组相比，甲状腺功能低下的exc肌偏移和厚度受到影响。患者diaphragm肌偏移与疾病持续时间之间存在显着负相关。甲状腺功能减退患者的呼吸道症状更为常见。与对照组相比，甲状腺疾病患者在潮气末期的inspiration肌厚度明显降低（p值<0.05）。diaphragm肌偏移与疾病持续时间之间呈负相关。与甲状腺功能亢进症和对照组相比，甲状腺功能低下的exc肌偏移和厚度受到影响。患者diaphragm肌偏移与疾病持续时间之间存在显着负相关。甲状腺功能减退患者的呼吸道症状更为常见。与甲状腺功能亢进症和对照组相比，甲状腺功能低下的exc肌偏移和厚度受到影响。患者diaphragm肌偏移与疾病持续时间之间存在显着负相关。甲状腺功能减退患者的呼吸道症状更为常见。与甲状腺功能亢进症和对照组相比，甲状腺功能低下的exc肌偏移和厚度受到影响。患者diaphragm肌偏移与疾病持续时间之间存在显着负相关。甲状腺功能减退患者的呼吸道症状更为常见。