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Embryonic fatty acid metabolism in diabetic pregnancy: the difference between embryoblasts and trophoblasts
Molecular Human Reproduction ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-26 , DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa063
Maria Schindler 1 , Dirk Dannenberger 2 , Gerd Nuernberg 2, 3 , Mareike Pendzialek 1 , Katarzyna Grybel 1 , Tom Seeling 1 , Anne Navarrete Santos 1
Affiliation  

Abstract
During the first days of development the preimplantation embryo is supplied with nutrients from the surrounding milieu. Maternal diabetes mellitus affects the uterine microenvironment, leading to a metabolic adaptation processes in the embryo. We analysed embryonic fatty acid (FA) profiles and expression of processing genes in rabbit blastocysts, separately in embryoblasts (EBs) and trophoblasts (TBs), to determine the potential consequences of maternal diabetes mellitus on intracellular FA metabolism. Insulin-dependent diabetes was induced by alloxan in female rabbits. On Day 6 post coitum, FA profiles in blastocysts (EB, TB and blastocoel fluid) and maternal blood were analysed by gas chromatography. The expression levels of molecules involved in FA elongation (fatty acid elongases, ELOVLs) and desaturation (fatty acid desaturases, FADSs) were measured in EB and TB. Maternal diabetes mellitus influenced the FA profile in maternal plasma and blastocysts. Independent from metabolic changes, rabbit blastocysts contained a higher level of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and a lower level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) compared to the FA profile of the maternal plasma. Furthermore, the FA profile was altered in the EB and TB, differently. While SFAs (palmitic and stearic acid) were elevated in EB of diabetic rabbits, PUFAs, such as docosahexaenoic acid, were decreased. In contrast, in the TB, lower levels of SFAs and higher levels of oleic acid were observed. EB and TB specific alterations in gene expression were found for ELOVLs and FADSs, key enzymes for FA elongation and desaturation. In conclusion, maternal diabetes mellitus alters embryonic FA metabolism differently in EB and TB, indicating a lineage-specific metabolic adaptive response.


中文翻译:

糖尿病妊娠胚胎脂肪酸代谢:胚胎母细胞与滋养细胞的区别

摘要
在发育的最初几天,植入前胚胎从周围环境中获得营养。母体糖尿病影响子宫微环境,导致胚胎代谢适应过程。我们分别在胚胎细胞 (EB) 和滋养层 (TB) 中分析了兔胚泡中的胚胎脂肪酸 (FA) 谱和加工基因的表达,以确定母体糖尿病对细胞内 FA 代谢的潜在影响。四氧嘧啶在雌性家兔中诱发了胰岛素依赖型糖尿病。在性交后第 6 天,通过气相色谱分析囊胚(EB、TB 和囊胚液)和母血中的 FA 谱。参与 FA 延伸(脂肪酸延伸酶,ELOVLs)和去饱和(脂肪酸去饱和酶,FADS) 在 EB 和 TB 中测量。母体糖尿病影响母体血浆和囊胚中的 FA 谱。与代谢变化无关,与母体血浆的 FA 谱相比,兔囊胚含有较高水平的饱和脂肪酸 (SFA) 和较低水平的多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA)。此外,EB 和 TB 中的 FA 谱发生了不同的改变。虽然糖尿病兔的 EB 中 SFA(棕榈酸和硬脂酸)升高,但 PUFA,如二十二碳六烯酸,却减少了。相反,在结核病中,观察到较低水平的 SFA 和较高水平的油酸。在 ELOVLs 和 FADS 中发现了 EB 和 TB 基因表达的特异性改变,它们是 FA 延伸和去饱和的关键酶。综上所述,
更新日期:2020-11-09
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