In spite of the great potential in leading next-generation energy storage technology, Li–S batteries suffer rapid capacity decay arising from the shuttling effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), a major concern that must be addressed before commercialization can be realized. To tackle this challenge, we demonstrate a facile approach to fabricate a hierarchically structured composite of Fe₂P@nitrogen, phosphorus codoped carbon (Fe₂P@NPC) by direct biological recycling of iron metal from electroplating sludge using bacteria. This material, featuring uniform dispersion of Fe₂P nanoparticles (NPs) in porous NPC matrix, effectively adapts volume variation of sulfur upon cycling and simultaneously provides multiple channels for efficient lithium ion transport. In addition, Fe₂P NPs with strong adhesion properties of tightly anchored soluble LiPSs formed during discharge can significantly facilitate the decomposition of Li₂S during the subsequent charging process. The Li–S cell built on this cathode architecture delivers high specific capacity (1555.7 mAh g^–1 at 0.1 C), appreciable rate capability (679.7 mAh g^–1 at 10 C), and greatly enhanced cycling performance (761.9 mAh g^–1 at 1.0 C after 500 cycles).

中文翻译：

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通过直接生物循环合成的Fe ₂ P修饰的N，P共掺杂碳，用于持久的硫包封

尽管领先的下一代能量存储技术具有巨大潜力，但Li-S电池由于多硫化锂（LiPSs）的穿梭效应而遭受容量快速衰减的问题，这是实现商业化之前必须解决的主要问题。为了解决这一挑战，我们展示了一种简便的方法，可通过使用细菌从电镀污泥中直接回收铁金属来制造Fe ₂ P @氮，磷共掺杂碳（Fe ₂ P @ NPC）的分层结构复合材料。这种材料具有均匀分散的Fe ₂多孔NPC基质中的P纳米颗粒（NP），可以有效地适应循环时硫的体积变化，并同时提供了多个通道来有效地传输锂离子。另外，在放电过程中形成的紧密锚固的可溶性LiPS具有强附着力的Fe ₂ P NPs可以显着促进后续充电过程中Li ₂ S的分解。基于这种阴极架构的Li–S电池可提供高比容量（0.1 C时为1555.7 mAh g ^–1），显着的倍率容量（10 C时为679.7 mAh g ^–1），并大大增强了循环性能（761.9 mAh g ^–1 500个循环后在1.0 C下）。