1 INTRODUCTION

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has emerged as a deadly clinical disease. The virus that causes COVID‐19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), is readily transmitted in the community, where it is having devastating social and economic impacts. Yet our understanding of SARS and COVID‐19 is derived primarily from studying the most severe cases in clinical and hospital settings. A complementary, field‐based approach is desperately needed, and human biologists are well‐positioned to make important contributions to our understanding of which individuals, and communities, are most vulnerable and why.

Much has been said about shortcomings in the roll out ofSARS‐CoV‐2 testing and how it has frustrated efforts to identify cases and isolate individuals who are shedding virus. Less has been said about the opportunities that testing provides for a wide range of research applications. In this commentary, we describe antibody testing and how human biologists can use it to inform our understanding of the pandemic, and to address questions of longstanding interest regarding the causes and consequences of human biological variation.

中文翻译：

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超越血清学调查：人类生物学和SARS-Cov-2抗体的测量

1引言

2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已经成为一种致命的临床疾病。引起严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的COVID-19病毒很容易在社区传播，对社会和经济造成了破坏性影响。然而，我们对SARS和COVID-19的理解主要来自研究临床和医院环境中最严重的病例。迫切需要一种基于现场的补充方法，人类生物学家处于有利地位，可以为我们对哪些个人和社区最易受伤害以及为什么受害做出的理解做出重要贡献。

关于SARS-CoV-2测试推出中的缺点，以及它如何阻碍发现病例和隔离正在散发病毒的个体的努力，人们已经说了很多。关于为多种研究应用程序提供测试机会的说法很少。在这篇评论中，我们描述了抗体测试以及人类生物学家如何使用它来告知我们对这种大流行的理解，以及解决有关人类生物学变异的原因和后果的长期关注的问题。