Abstract Tetraaniline (TANI) and the benzene ring modified by different groups (-OH, -NR2) are connected by the π bond (C=N). A series of TANI derivatives with D-π-A structure are easily synthesized by the Schiff-base reaction and named as TANI-2OH-BA, TANI-4DEA-BA, TANI-4DEA-2OH-BA and TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA, according to the type and location of substituent groups. The introduction of D-π-A structure can not only reduce the redox potential, but also regulate the electrochromic properties of materials by changing the substituent groups. TANI-4DEA-2OH-BA and TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA films show the khaki (reduction state) to green (oxidation state) color change, which are obviously different from that of TANI (colorless to blue). TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA has the shortest switching time (tb/tc =1.6 s/2.6 s) and best cycling stability (charge retention of 93.3% after 500 CV cycles), attributed to the reduction of intermolecular forces and film compactness. Moreover, the TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA/WO3 electrochromic device presents similar color changes with the TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA film, and also has good cycling stability and short switching time. In short, constructing D-π-A structure is an effective method to design the color of oligoaniline, and TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA will be a promising material in camouflage and other aspects.

中文翻译：

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具有可调电致变色性能的供体-π-受体四苯胺衍生物

摘要 四苯胺（TANI）与不同基团（-OH、-NR2）修饰的苯环通过π键连接（C=N）。一系列具有D-π-A结构的TANI衍生物通过席夫碱反应很容易合成，命名为TANI-2OH-BA、TANI-4DEA-BA、TANI-4DEA-2OH-BA和TANI-4DMA-2OH- BA，根据取代基的类型和位置。D-π-A结构的引入不仅可以降低氧化还原电位，还可以通过改变取代基来调节材料的电致变色性能。TANI-4DEA-2OH-BA和TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA薄膜呈现卡其色（还原态）到绿色（氧化态）颜色变化，与TANI（无色到蓝色）明显不同。TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA 具有最短的切换时间（tb/tc =1.6 s/2.6 s）和最佳的循环稳定性（电荷保持率为 93. 3% 后 500 个 CV 循环），归因于分子间力和薄膜致密性的降低。此外，TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA/WO3 电致变色器件呈现出与 TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA 薄膜相似的颜色变化，并具有良好的循环稳定性和较短的切换时间。总之，构建D-π-A结构是设计低聚苯胺颜色的有效方法，TANI-4DMA-2OH-BA在伪装等方面将是一种很有前景的材料。