The quantum steganalysis faces more challenges than classical steganalysis owing to the support of quantum mechanical principles such as Heisenberg uncertainty principle and non-cloning theorem. In this paper, a novel quantum steganalysis protocol based on pure state is proposed, which adheres to the fundamental fact that classical steganography tends to change the probability distribution of the carrier, and the physical properties that the unknown quantum state discrimination process is sensitive to the distribution in quantum state discrimination. After utilizing accurate calculation on the geometric coherence and 1/2-affinity coherence to obtain the probability that the transmitted quantum states can be correctly discriminated, effective detection on covert communication can be achieved by comparing the detected distribution with theoretical distribution. Meanwhile, steganographic detection rate and false alarm rate are introduced as two significant performance evaluation parameters of quantum steganalysis. In this paper, the quantum steganalysis and performance evaluation targeting the BB84-based quantum steganography proposed by Martin are given in detail. The geometric coherence and 1/2-affinity coherence change substantially when the steganographic embedding rate is above 0.2, and a high steganographic detection rate and a low false alarm rate can be obtained according to the proposed protocol. Besides, the impact on QKD efficiency can be controlled by adjusting the detection rate or adopting sampling detection strategy. It proves that the proposed protocol has a satisfactory quantum steganalysis performance.

由于海森堡不确定性原理和非克隆定理等量子力学原理的支持，量子隐写分析比经典隐写分析面临更多挑战。本文提出了一种基于纯态的量子隐写分析协议，该协议坚持了经典隐写术趋于改变载流子的概率分布以及物理性质的基本事实，即未知的量子态判别过程对分子的敏感。分布在量子态判别中。在对几何相干性和1/2亲和性相干性进行了精确计算后，获得了可以正确地区分传输的量子态的概率，通过将检测到的分布与理论分布进行比较，可以实现对秘密通信的有效检测。同时，将隐写检测率和虚警率作为量子隐写分析的两个重要性能评价参数。本文详细介绍了Martin提出的基于BB84的量子隐写术的量子隐写分析和性能评估。当隐写嵌入率高于0.2时，几何相干性和1/2亲和性相干性会发生显着变化，并且根据拟议的协议可以获得较高的隐写检测率和较低的虚警率。此外，可以通过调整检测率或采用采样检测策略来控制对QKD效率的影响。