The purification and separation technologies are of great importance to industry and agriculture in modern society. Two-dimensional (2D) crystals emerge as superior membrane materials showing desirable molecular permeability and selectivity. Among them, 2D materials with a nanomesh structure show the greatest potential in molecular transport and separation. Here, we highlight the recent theoretical progresses in molecular transport across 2D graphdiyne membrane with the nanomesh structure. Firstly, the nonlinear and activated water flow were demonstrated through the graphdiyne membranes under external hydrostatic pressure. Then, the superior proton conductivity and perfect selectivity were shown for graphdiyne membrane at ambient conditions. Lastly, graphdiyne was shown to exhibit perfect small gas molecule permeability and selectivity at the atmospheric conditions. The mechanisms for molecular transport and selectivity are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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跨二维纳米网膜-graphdiyne的分子运输

提纯和分离技术对现代社会的工农业至关重要。二维（2D）晶体作为高级膜材料出现，显示出所需的分子渗透性和选择性。其中，具有纳米网状结构的2D材料在分子运输和分离方面显示出最大的潜力。在这里，我们重点介绍了分子筛穿过具有纳米网状结构的二维石墨二炔膜的分子迁移的最新理论进展。首先，在外部静水压力下，通过石墨二炔膜展示了非线性和活化水流。然后，显示了在环境条件下石墨二炔膜具有优异的质子传导性和完美的选择性。最后，石墨烯在大气条件下显示出极好的小气体分子渗透性和选择性。还讨论了分子转运和选择性的机理。