Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an economically important vegetable crop species. However, it is susceptible to various abiotic and biotic stresses. WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and development, particularly in the plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, little is known about the expression pattern of WRKY genes under different stresses in cucumber. In the present study, an analysis of the new assembly of the cucumber genome (v3.0) allowed the identification of 61 cucumber WRKY genes. Phylogenetic and synteny analyses were performed using related species to investigate the evolution of the cucumber WRKY genes. The 61 CsWRKYs were classified into three main groups, within which the gene structure and motif compositions were conserved. Tissue expression profiles of the WRKY genes demonstrated that 24 CsWRKY genes showed constitutive expression (FPKM > 1 in all samples), and some WRKY genes showed organ-specific expression, suggesting that these WRKYs might be important for plant growth and organ development in cucumber. Importantly, analysis of the CsWRKY gene expression patterns revealed that five CsWRKY genes strongly responded to both salt and heat stresses, 12 genes were observed to be expressed in response to infection from downy mildew and powdery mildew, and three CsWRKY genes simultaneously responded to all treatments analysed. Some CsWRKY genes were observed to be induced/repressed at different times after abiotic or biotic stress treatment, demonstrating that cucumber WRKY genes might play different roles during different stress responses and that their expression patterns vary in response to stresses. Sixty-one WRKY genes were identified in cucumber, and insight into their classification, evolution, and expression patterns was gained in this study. Responses to different abiotic and biotic stresses in cucumber were also investigated. Our results provide a better understanding of the function of CsWRKY genes in improving abiotic and biotic stress resistance in cucumber.

中文翻译：

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的的全基因组分析WRKY在黄瓜基因组基因家族和全基因组范围识别的WRKY转录因子的生物和非生物胁迫响应

黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）是一种经济上重要的蔬菜作物品种。但是，它容易受到各种非生物和生物胁迫的影响。WRKY转录因子在植物生长发育中，特别是在植物对生物和非生物胁迫的响应中起着重要作用。然而，关于黄瓜在不同胁迫下的WRKY基因表达模式知之甚少。在本研究中，对黄瓜基因组新装配（v3.0）的分析允许鉴定61个黄瓜WRKY基因。使用相关物种进行了系统发育和同源分析，以研究黄瓜WRKY基因的进化。61个CsWRKYs被分为三个主要组，其中基因结构和基序组成被保守。WRKY基因的组织表达谱表明，24个CsWRKY基因显示组成型表达（所有样品中FPKM> 1），一些WRKY基因显示器官特异性表达，这表明这些WRKY对黄瓜的植物生长和器官发育可能很重要。重要的是，对CsWRKY基因表达模式的分析表明，五个CsWRKY基因对盐和高温胁迫均产生强烈响应，观察到12个基因可响应霜霉病和白粉病的感染而表达，三个CsWRKY基因可同时对所有处理产生响应分析。在非生物或生物胁迫处理后，观察到某些CsWRKY基因在不同时间被诱导/抑制，表明黄瓜WRKY基因在不同的胁迫反应中可能发挥不同的作用，并且其表达模式随胁迫而变化。在黄瓜中鉴定出61个WRKY基因，并获得了对其分类，进化和表达模式的了解。还研究了黄瓜对不同非生物和生物胁迫的响应。我们的结果更好地了解了CsWRKY基因在改善黄瓜非生物和生物胁迫抗性中的功能。