In an integrated energy distribution system (IEDS), an energy hub has been introduced and deemed to be a suitable tool for managing and integrating multi-party energy forms. Due to different energies having diverse characteristics and being coupled with each other, it is difficult for an energy hub to implement the optimal scheduling of multiple energy sources. Therefore, an energy optimization management model is proposed based on the Stackelberg game, which considers the exergy conversion of multi-party energy sources in different operation modes. The problem is solved by the two-layer distributed optimization algorithm, in which the energy hub acts as the leader and is followed by the users. Furthermore, in order to alleviate the deception, malicious tampering, subpeption, and other secure risks in energy trading, blockchain is introduced into the energy hub and the concept of exergy coin (EC) is proposed. A credit-based blockchain framework and concurrent block building consensus process is explored to reduce the calculation cost and promote the exergy trading efficiency. Finally, the case study shows how the proposed method can effectively optimize energy scheduling and configure a more reasonable energy solution.

中文翻译：

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能源枢纽的多方能源管理：采用Stackelberg游戏和区块链的混合方法

在集成能源分配系统（IEDS）中，引入了一个能源枢纽，并被认为是管理和集成多方能源形式的合适工具。由于具有不同特性并相互耦合的不同能量，能源枢纽很难实现多个能源的最佳调度。因此，提出了一种基于斯塔克伯格博弈的能源优化管理模型，该模型考虑了多方能源在不同运行模式下的火用转化。通过两层分布式优化算法解决了该问题，其中能量枢纽充当领导者，用户紧随其后。此外，为了减轻能源交易中的欺骗，恶意篡改，替换和其他安全风险，将区块链引入能源中心，并提出了“火用硬币”（EC）的概念。探索了基于信用的区块链框架和并发区块构建共识过程，以降低计算成本并提高火用交易效率。最后，案例研究说明了所提出的方法如何有效地优化能源调度并配置更合理的能源解决方案。