The levels and activity of the enzyme paraoxonase 1 affect the vulnerability to the teratogenic effects of organophosphate pesticides. Mutant mice lacking the gene for paraoxonase1 (PON1^-/-) are more susceptible to the toxic effects of chlorpyrifos, and were hypothesized to be more vulnerable to social behavior deficits induced by exposure to chlorpyrifos during gestation. Three experiments were performed comparing PON1^-/- mice to PON1^+/+ mice born to dams treated with 0.5 mg/kg chlorpyrifos or cornoil vehicle on gestational days 12–15. Chlofpyrifos-exposed male PON1^-/- mouse pups had delayed development of reflexes in in the first experiment. In the second experiment, adult male and female PON1^-/- mice and the female PON1^+/+ mice all displayed lower social preference than the male vehicle-treated PON1^+/+ mice. The PON1^-/- mice and the female PON1^+/+ mice displayed lower social preference compared to the PON1^+/+ male mice. Male adult mice that had been exposed in utero to chlorpyrifos showed less conditioned social preference regardless of genotype. In the third study, the delayed reflex development was replicated in male and female PON1^-/- mice, but chlorpyrifos did not augment this effect. Nest Odor Preference, a test of early social attachment to dam and siblings, was lower in PON1^-/- mouse pups compared to PON1^+/+ pups. This study shows for the first time that PON1^-/- mice have a behavioral phenotype that indicates impaired reflex development and social behavior. Chlorpyrifos exposure during gestation tended to augment some of these effects.

对氧磷酶1的水平和活性影响了有机磷农药致畸作用的脆弱性。缺少对氧磷酶1（PON1 ^-/-）基因的突变小鼠更容易受到毒死rif的毒害作用，并被认为更容易遭受妊娠期接触毒死rif引起的社交行为缺陷。进行了三个实验，比较了在妊娠第15-15天用0.5 mg / kg毒死rif或玉米油溶媒处理过的水坝所生的PON1 ^-/-小鼠与PON1 ^{+ / +}小鼠。在第一个实验中，暴露于毒死rif的雄性PON1 ^-/-小鼠幼仔延迟了反射的发生。在第二个实验中，成年男性和女性PON1 ^-/-小鼠和雌性PON1 ^{+ / +}小鼠均显示出比雄性媒介物处理的PON1 ^{+ / +}小鼠低的社会偏好。与PON1 ^{+ / +}雄性小鼠相比，PON1 ^-/-小鼠和雌性PON1 ^{+ / +}小鼠表现出较低的社会偏好。不论基因型如何，在子宫内暴露于毒死rif的雄性成年小鼠都表现出较少的条件性社会偏好。在第三项研究中，延迟反射发育在雄性和雌性PON1 ^-/-小鼠中复制，但是毒死rif没有增强这种作用。与PON1 ^{+ / +}相比，PON1 ^-/-老鼠幼崽的Nest Odor Preference（早期对大坝和兄弟姐妹的社交依恋的测试）较低幼仔。这项研究首次显示PON1 ^-/-小鼠的行为表型表明反射发育和社交行为受损。妊娠期毒死rif暴露往往会增强其中一些作用。