There is a critical need for a better multiscale and multifactorial understanding of neurological disorders, covering from genes to neuroimaging to clinical factors and treatments effects. Here we present NeuroPM-box, a cross-platform, user-friendly and open-access software for characterizing multiscale and multifactorial brain pathological mechanisms and identifying individual therapeutic needs. The implemented methods have been extensively tested and validated in the neurodegenerative context, but there is not restriction in the kind of disorders that can be analyzed. By using advanced analytic modeling of molecular, neuroimaging and/or cognitive/behavioral data, this framework allows multiple applications, including characterization of: (i) the series of sequential states (e.g. transcriptomic, imaging or clinical alterations) covering decades of disease progression, (ii) intra-brain spreading of pathological factors (e.g. amyloid and tau misfolded proteins), (iii) synergistic interactions between multiple brain biological factors (e.g. direct tau effects on vascular and structural properties), and (iv) biologically-defined patients stratification based on therapeutic needs (i.e. optimum treatments for each patient). All models outputs are biologically interpretable. A 4D-viewer allows visualization of spatiotemporal brain (dis)organization. Originally implemented in MATLAB, NeuroPM-box is compiled as standalone application for Windows, Linux and Mac environments: neuropm-lab.com/software. In a regular workstation, it can analyze over 150 subjects per day, reducing the need for using clusters or High-Performance Computing (HPC) for large-scale datasets. This open-access tool for academic researchers may significantly contribute to a better understanding of complex brain processes and to accelerating the implementation of Precision Medicine (PM) in neurology.

中文翻译：

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NeuroPM工具箱：整合分子，神经影像学和临床数据，以表征神经病理学进展和个体治疗需求

迫切需要对神经系统疾病更好的多尺度和多因素理解，涵盖从基因到神经影像再到临床因素和治疗效果。在这里，我们介绍NeuroPM-box，这是一种跨平台，用户友好和开放访问的软件，用于表征多尺度和多因素脑部病理机制并确定个体治疗需求。在神经退行性疾病方面，已对所实施的方法进行了广泛的测试和验证，但是对可以分析的疾病种类没有限制。通过使用分子，神经影像和/或认知/行为数据的高级分析模型，该框架可以进行多种应用，包括以下方面的表征：（i）一系列连续状态（例如转录组，成像或临床改变），涵盖数十年的疾病进展，（ii）病理因素（例如淀粉样蛋白和tau错折叠的蛋白质）在脑内扩散，（iii）多种脑生物学因素之间的协同相互作用（例如直接tau对血管和结构特性的影响） ），以及（iv）根据治疗需要（即针对每个患者的最佳治疗方法）进行生物学定义的患者分层。所有模型输出都是生物学可解释的。4D查看器可显示时空大脑（混乱）的组织。NeuroPM-box最初在MATLAB中实现，被编译为Windows，Linux和Mac环境的独立应用程序：Neuropm-lab.com/software。在常规工作站中，它每天可以分析150多个主题，减少了对大型数据集使用群集或高性能计算（HPC）的需求。这种面向学术研究人员的开放获取工具可能会极大地帮助人们更好地理解复杂的大脑过程，并加速神经病学中精密医学（PM）的实施。