Nonlinear dynamics of spiking neural networks has recently attracted much interest as an approach to understand possible information processing in the brain and apply it to artificial intelligence. Since information can be processed by collective spiking dynamics of neurons, the fine control of spiking dynamics is desirable for neuromorphic devices. Here we show that photonic spiking neurons implemented with paired nonlinear optical oscillators can be controlled to generate two modes of bio-realistic spiking dynamics by changing the optical pump amplitude. When they are coupled in a network, we found that the interaction between the photonic neurons induces an effective change in the pump amplitude depending on the order parameter that characterizes synchronization. The experimental results show that the effective change causes spontaneous modification of the spiking modes and firing rates of clustered neurons, and such collective dynamics can be utilized to realize efficient heuristics for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems.

中文翻译：

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光子尖峰神经元的集体和同步动力学

尖峰神经网络的非线性动力学最近作为一种理解大脑中可能的信息处理并将其应用于人工智能的方法引起了很多兴趣。由于信息可以通过神经元的集体脉冲动力学处理，因此神经形态设备需要对脉冲动力学进行精细控制。在这里，我们展示了使用成对的非线性光学振荡器实现的光子尖峰神经元可以通过改变光泵振幅来控制以产生两种生物逼真的尖峰动力学模式。当它们在网络中耦合时，我们发现光子神经元之间的相互作用会导致泵振幅的有效变化，这取决于表征同步的阶次参数。