Abstract The concept of obtaining uniform and high-precision 3D models of large and complex engineering structures based on terrestrial laser scanning surveys highly depends on the accuracy of registering a series of adjacent scans. If it is not possible to place the required number of reference points in the observation scene, and there are no identifiable structural elements that could serve as such reference points, the issue can be solved by using the virtual reference points. The virtual reference points are not marked, but their position can be re-created in the post-processing of the scans on the basis of the geometrical features of the object. In the case of an industrial chimney, these can be the structural axis points determined at arbitrarily selected altitudes. In the solution presented herein, the coordinates of the reference points were independently determined twice: in the geodetic coordinate system using traditional method, in the local system of the scanner using the bisector of the chord of the circle, and by approximation of the circular arc shape of the chimney shell. Both procedures are preceded by the filtration of outliers. The concept of virtual reference points was verified by the measurement of the verticality of the axis and the structural geometry of a steel industrial chimney, which was accessible only on the foundation level.

中文翻译：

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虚拟参考点在高层结构扫描图像配准中的实现

摘要 基于地面激光扫描测量获得大型复杂工程结构的统一高精度3D模型的概念在很大程度上取决于对一系列相邻扫描进行配准的准确性。如果无法在观察场景中放置所需数量的参考点，并且没有可识别的结构元素可以作为这些参考点，则可以使用虚拟参考点来解决问题。虚拟参考点没有标记，但它们的位置可以在扫描后处理中根据对象的几何特征重新创建。在工业烟囱的情况下，这些可以是在任意选择的高度确定的结构轴点。在本文提出的解决方案中，参考点的坐标被独立确定两次：在使用传统方法的大地坐标系中，在使用圆弦的平分线的扫描仪局部坐标系中，以及通过烟囱壳的圆弧形状的近似。这两个过程都在过滤异常值之前进行。虚拟参考点的概念通过测量轴的垂直度和钢铁工业烟囱的结构几何形状来验证，这只能在基础水平上进行。这两个过程都在过滤异常值之前进行。虚拟参考点的概念通过测量轴的垂直度和钢铁工业烟囱的结构几何形状来验证，这只能在基础水平上进行。这两个过程都在过滤异常值之前进行。虚拟参考点的概念通过测量轴的垂直度和钢铁工业烟囱的结构几何形状来验证，这只能在基础水平上进行。