Human esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a common cancer, which leads to many deaths worldwide every year. Our study aimed to explore the mechanism of miR-301a-3p regulating the proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. We had collected ESCC tissues and adjacent normal esophageal tissues from 47 patients. The relative levels of miR-301a-3p/U6 in ESCC tissues and cells were analyzed by real-time PCR. And we measured the relative protein levels of PTEN, BCL-2, BAX, and p-AKT/AKT by Western blot. Eca-109 cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay and colony formation. Compared with adjacent normal esophageal tissues, the relative level of miR-301a-3p/U6 was elevated in ESCC tissues. MiR-301a-3p could facilitate ESCC cell proliferation. And miR-301a-3p directly bind to PTEN 3ʹ-UTR and negatively regulated PTEN protein expression. Moreover, silencing PTEN could reversed inhibited proliferation of Eca-109 cells induced by miR-301a-3p inhibitor, while overexpression PTEN could reversed enhanced proliferation of Eca-109 cells induced by miR-301a-3p mimic. Taken together, miR-301a-3p promoted ESCC cell proliferation by supressing PTEN.

人类食道癌（EC）是一种常见的癌症，每年导致全球许多人死亡。本研究旨在探讨miR-301a-3p调控食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）细胞增殖的机制。我们收集了 47 名患者的 ESCC 组织和邻近的正常食管组织。通过实时PCR分析了ESCC组织和细胞中miR-301a-3p/U6的相对水平。我们通过蛋白质印迹测量了 PTEN、BCL-2、BAX 和 p-AKT/AKT 的相对蛋白质水平。通过MTT测定和集落形成检测Eca-109细胞增殖。与邻近的正常食管组织相比，ESCC组织中miR-301a-3p/U6的相对水平升高。MiR-301a-3p 可以促进 ESCC 细胞增殖。并且 miR-301a-3p 直接结合 PTEN 3ʹ-UTR 并负调节 PTEN 蛋白表达。此外，沉默PTEN可以逆转miR-301a-3p抑制剂诱导的Eca-109细胞增殖抑制，而过表达PTEN可以逆转miR-301a-3p模拟物诱导的Eca-109细胞增殖增强。总之，miR-301a-3p 通过抑制 PTEN 促进 ESCC 细胞增殖。