The diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium is thought to be a major contributor to the new N in parts of the oligotrophic, subtropical, and tropical oceans. In this study, physiological and biochemical methods and transcriptome sequencing were used to investigate the influences of ocean acidification (OA) on Trichodesmium erythraeum (T. erythraeum). We presented evidence that OA caused by CO₂ slowed the growth rate and physiological activity of T. erythraeum. OA led to reduced development of proportion of the vegetative cells into diazocytes which included up‐regulated genes of nitrogen fixation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was increased due to the disruption of photosynthetic electron transport and decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities under acidified conditions. This study showed that OA increased the amounts of (exopolysaccharides) EPS in T. erythraeum, and the key genes of ribose‐5‐phosphate (R5P) and glycosyltransferases (Tery_3818) were up‐regulated. These results provide new insight into how ROS and EPS of T. erythraeum increase in an acidified future ocean to cope with OA‐imposed stress.

中文翻译：

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ROS和EPS产量的上升：红曲霉对海洋酸化反应的新见解

重氮营养蓝藻Trichodesmium被认为是贫营养，亚热带和热带海洋部分地区新N的主要贡献者。在这项研究中，生理和生化方法和转录组测序被用来研究海洋酸化（OA）对红毛Trichodesmium erythraeum（T. erythraeum）的影响。我们提出了证据，表明由CO ₂引起的OA减缓了红斑丹参的生长速率和生理活性。。OA导致营养细胞向重氮细胞比例的降低，其中包括固氮基因上调。在酸性条件下，由于光合电子传递的中断和抗氧化酶活性的降低，使活性氧（ROS）积累增加。这项研究表明，OA增加的（胞外多糖）EPS中的量T.藻，和核糖-5-磷酸（R5P）和糖基转移酶（的关键基因Tery_3818）表达上调。这些结果为了解在酸化的未来海洋中赤藻的ROS和EPS如何增加以应对OA带来的压力提供了新的见识。