Introduction

Compared with car travel, public transport (PT) reduces carbon emissions, air pollution and may promote physical activity (PA) through active transport (AT; e.g. walking/cycling to stations/stops) thus contributing to meeting PA guidelines. However, car travel remains dominant in Australian cities. This study aimed to examine perceptions and use of PT and PT-related AT by gender, among those residing close to a metropolitan railway.

Methods

Participants of this cross-sectional study were 297 adults (59% female) who worked/studied outside home, residing within 1 km of a railway in Melbourne, Australia in 2012. They self-reported perceptions of PT, travel mode(s) to/from work/study, distance to work/study, frequency of PT trips, duration of PT-related AT, and demographics. Chi-square analyses examined perceptions of PT by gender. Linear regression analyses, stratified by gender, examined these perceptions as predictors of frequency of PT trips/week.

Results

Overall, 46% of men and 39% of women commuted by PT at least once/week. There were no significant differences by gender in PT trip frequency or duration of PT-related AT per week. Women using PT, on average, accrued at least two-thirds of recommended PA/week through PT-related AT (mean 107.3 (SD 96.8) minutes). Significantly higher (p < 0.001) proportions of women agreed they felt unsafe on PT overall (39% women; 20% men) and at night (70% women; 44% men). Men made more PT trips/week if they considered PT to be safe at night (B = 0.93, 95%CI 0.19, 1.68). For women, convenience (B = 0.67, 95%CI 0.17, 1.18), being too crowded (B = 0.90, 95%CI 0.35, 1.44), taking too long to travel (B = ─0.83, 95%CI ─1.36, ─0.31), and cost-effectiveness (B = 0.87, 95%CI 0.24, 1.50) were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with frequency of PT trips/week.

Conclusions

Interventions are warranted to encourage PT travel and AT among women, in particular. Frequent services are required for convenience; fare structures should render PT cost-effective for women.

中文翻译：

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对公共交通工具的看法和支持-女人与男人不同吗？

介绍

与汽车旅行相比，公共交通（PT）减少了碳排放，空气污染，并且可以通过主动交通（AT；例如步行/骑自行车到车站/车站）促进身体活动（PA），从而有助于达到PA准则。但是，汽车旅行在澳大利亚城市中仍然占主导地位。这项研究旨在检查居住在大都市铁路附近的人对PT和与PT相关的AT的认知和使用情况。

方法

这项横断面研究的参与者为297位成年人（59％的女性）在户外工作/学习，2012年居住在澳大利亚墨尔本一条铁路的1公里范围内。他们自我报告了对PT，旅行方式的看法/从工作/学习，到工作/学习的距离，PT旅行的频率，与PT相关的AT的持续时间以及人口统计信息。卡方分析分析了性别对PT的看法。按性别分层的线性回归分析检查了这些看法，作为每周PT出行频率的预测指标。

结果

总体而言，每周有至少46％的男性和39％的女性通过PT上下班一次。PT出行频率或每周与PT相关的AT持续时间的性别差异无统计学意义。平均而言，使用PT的女性通过与PT相关的AT（平均107.3（SD 96.8）分钟），每周至少获得建议PA的三分之二。相当高（p <0.001）的女性同意，她们总体上对PT感到不安全（女性占39％；男性占20％），晚上则不安全（女性占70％；男性占44％）。如果男性认为PT在夜间安全，则每周可以进行更多PT旅行（B = 0.93，95％CI 0.19，1.68）。对于女性而言，便利性（B = 0.67，95％CI 0.17，1.18），过于拥挤（B = 0.90，95％CI 0.35，1.44），旅行时间太长（B =─0.83，95％CI─1.36， ─0.31）和成本效益（B = 0.87，95％CI 0.24，1.50）与每周PT出行频率显着相关（p <0.05）。

结论

特别是，干预措施应鼓励女性进行PT旅行和AT。为了方便起见，需要经常提供服务；票价结构应使PT对妇女具有成本效益。