Abstract Cultural ecosystem services (CES) that people co-create with agroecosystems, such as place attachment and traditional knowledge, are declining in rural areas undergoing abrupt economic, environmental, and social changes. As a result, environmental conflicts arise. This article uses an ecosystem services framework to trace causes, outcomes, and responses to open and latent environmental conflicts in rural Bulgaria. Based on a correlation network analysis, the obtained results reveal the perceived importance of rural place identity and connectedness to nature as central and the most influenced CES in latent environmental conflicts responses (without visible mobilizations). As such, CES can be overlooked as important to local people in rural areas when environmental decisions are made. The study connects these findings with the notion of latency conflicts and argues how environmental conflicts over the agricultural land enclosure and rural marginalization are intertwined with non-material contributions – CES, unveiled through the network analysis.

中文翻译：

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通过文化生态系统服务了解环境冲突——以保加利亚农业生态系统为例

摘要 在经历经济、环境和社会急剧变化的农村地区，人们与农业生态系统共同创造的文化生态系统服务（CES），例如地方依恋和传统知识，正在减少。结果，环境冲突就出现了。本文使用生态系统服务框架来追踪保加利亚农村公开和潜在环境冲突的原因、结果和响应。基于相关网络分析，获得的结果揭示了农村地方身份和与自然的联系在潜在环境冲突响应（没有明显动员）中作为中心和影响最大的 CES 的感知重要性。因此，在做出环境决策时，CES 对农村地区的当地人很重要。