Recently, the synthesis of nanoparticles including their hydrophobic modifications for the synthesis of membranes for membrane distillation has shown incredible improvements in the; intrinsic physical and morphological properties, transmembrane flux, rejection, and life of the membrane. This study evaluates the effect of three different hydrophobic nanoparticles on the morphological, physical, and hydrophobic characteristics of the PVDF membranes. The octadecyl dihydrogen phosphate modified calcium carbonate (OC), octadecylamine modified Montmorillonite (OM), and Heptadeca- fluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl) triethoxysilane modified silica (HS) nanoparticles were incorporated into the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane matrix in different compositions. The real seawater desalination performance of the newly synthesized membranes was tested in direct contact membrane distillation configuration for desalting the Arabian Gulf Seawater as feed. The PVDF membrane comprised of HS filler was the top performer with the highest water vapor flux of 42.3 LMH owing its CF₂ functional groups, small chain length, small size and high electronegativity of F atoms, a stable C–F bonding interaction, and a low surface energy C–F compared to OC and OM nanoparticles. Also, HS incorporated membrane witnessed the highest anti-wetting and reliability by rejecting >98.7% ions from seawater.

最近，包括用于膜蒸馏的膜合成的疏水改性的纳米粒子的合成显示出令人难以置信的改进。固有的物理和形态特性，跨膜通量，截留率和膜寿命。这项研究评估了三种不同的疏水性纳米粒子对PVDF膜的形态，物理和疏水特性的影响。将十八烷基磷酸二氢改性的碳酸钙（OC），十八烷基胺改性的蒙脱石（OM）和十七碳-氟-1,1,2,2-四氢癸基）三乙氧基硅烷改性的二氧化硅（HS）纳米颗粒掺入聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）膜中不同成分的矩阵。在直接接触膜蒸馏配置中对新合成膜的真实海水脱盐性能进行了测试，以将阿拉伯海湾海水作为原料进行脱盐。含有HS填料的PVDF膜因其CF而表现最佳，其水蒸气通量最高，为42.3 LMH_2个官能团，与OC和OM纳米粒子相比，F原子的链长短，尺寸小且具有高电负性，稳定的CF键相互作用和较低的表面能CF。同样，掺有HS的膜通过排斥海水中的98.7％以上的离子，具有最高的抗湿性和可靠性。