Gibberella ear rot (GER), caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum, is becoming one of the most prominent pathogens responsible for ear rot in maize. In this study three F₂ populations, F₂-C, F₂-D, and F₂-J, and their corresponding F_2:3 families, were constructed by crossing three highly GER-resistant inbred lines—Cheng351, Dan598, and JiV203—with the susceptible line ZW18. We used this cross for genetic analysis and QTL mapping of resistance to GER. Analysis of variance of GER in the three F₂ populations revealed the presence of significant differences among genotypes and between locations. The broad-sense heritability (H²) of GER resistance was estimated to be 0.68, 0.63, and 0.64 in the three F₂ populations, indicating that genetic factors play a key role in the development of phenotypic variation. Seventeen QTLs conferring resistance to GER were detected in the three F₂ populations, among which the QTL qRger7.1, originating from the resistant parent Cheng351, explained 20.16–41.84% of the phenotypic variation. The physical support interval of qRger7.1 exhibited approximately 2 Mb overlap with that of qRger7.2, which was derived from the resistant parent Dan598, supporting the identification of potential “hotspots” of the target QTLs. QTLs derived from the resistant parents Dan598 and JiV203 accounted for 59.67–61.28% and 65.82–66.90%, respectively, of the phenotypic variation. The GER-resistant QTLs identified in this study are useful candidates for improving the resistance to GER in maize using molecular marker-assisted selection.

由真菌病原体禾谷镰刀菌引起的赤霉菌（Gibberella）耳腐（GER）正成为玉米中引起耳腐的最主要病原体之一。在这项研究中，通过跨越三个高度抗GER的自交系Cheng351，Dan598和F2，构建了三个F ₂种群F ₂ -C，F ₂ -D和F ₂ -J及其相应的F _2：3家族。 JiV203-具有易感线ZW18。我们将此杂交用于抗GER的遗传分析和QTL定位。分析三个F ₂种群中GER的方差表明，基因型之间和位置之间存在显着差异。广义遗传力（H²）在三个F ₂种群中，GER抗性估计为0.68、0.63和0.64，这表明遗传因素在表型变异的发生中起关键作用。在三个F ₂种群中检测到17个对GER具有抗性的QTL，其中来自抗性亲本Cheng351的QTL qRger7.1解释了20.16–41.84％的表型变异。的物理支撑间隔qRger7.1表现出大约2 MB重叠与的qRger7.2，来自抗性亲本Dan598，支持鉴定目标QTL的潜在“热点”。来自抗性亲本Dan598和JiV203的QTL分别占表型变异的59.67–61.28％和65.82–66.90％。在这项研究中确定的抗GER的QTL是使用分子标记辅助选择提高玉米对GER的抗性的有用候选物。