An electric arc furnace with a liquid steel capacity of 30 t was analyzed using the second law of thermodynamics. To carry out the exergy analysis, materials and energies entering and exiting the electric arc furnace were determined. The materials included several types of scrap, cokes, fluxes, oxygen, liquid steel, stack gases, and dust. Electrical and exothermic chemical energies of these materials were considered. Energies of the materials leaving the furnace, including liquid steel, slag, stack gases, and dust, were determined, as were the chemical reactions and exergies entering and leaving the electric arc furnace. Exergy efficiency and lost exergy were calculated. It was found that 42.6% of exergy is lost because of the chemical reactions, heat transfer, and other reasons. The overall exergy efficiency of the entire system was found to be 46%.

中文翻译：

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用于铸钢的电弧炉分析：火用方法

使用热力学第二定律分析了一台钢水容量为 30 t 的电弧炉。为了进行火用分析，确定进出电弧炉的材料和能量。这些材料包括几种类型的废料、焦炭、熔剂、氧气、钢水、烟道气和灰尘。考虑了这些材料的电能和放热化学能。确定离开熔炉的材料的能量，包括钢水、炉渣、烟道气和粉尘，以及进入和离开电弧炉的化学反应和火用能量。计算火用效率和损失的火用。结果表明，由于化学反应、传热等原因，42.6%的火用损失。