Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates have been intensively investigated during the past decades and have meanwhile been widely applied through both sacrificial and non-sacrificial pathways. In numerous non-sacrificial applications, the AAO membrane is maintained as part of the obtained composite materials; hence, the template structure and topography determine to a great extent the potential applications. Through-hole isotropic AAO features nanochannels that promote transfer of matter, while anisotropic AAO with barrier layer exhibits nanocavities suitable as independent and homogenous containers. By combining the two kinds of AAO membranes with diverse organic and inorganic materials through physical interactions or chemical bonds, AAO composites are designed and applied in versatile fields such as catalysis, drug release platform, separation membrane, optical appliances, sensors, cell culture, energy, and electronic devices. Therefore, within this review, a perspective on exhilarating prospect for complementary advancement on AAO composites both in preparation and application is provided. Graphical abstract Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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多孔阳极氧化铝基纳米复合材料的工具箱：从制备到应用

在过去的几十年中，阳极氧化铝 (AAO) 模板得到了深入研究，同时通过牺牲和非牺牲途径得到了广泛应用。在许多非牺牲应用中，AAO 膜作为所得复合材料的一部分被保留；因此，模板结构和地形在很大程度上决定了潜在的应用。通孔各向同性 AAO 具有促进物质转移的纳米通道，而具有阻挡层的各向异性 AAO 则表现出适合作为独立和同质容器的纳米腔。通过将两种 AAO 膜与多种有机和无机材料通过物理相互作用或化学键结合，AAO 复合材料被设计并应用于催化、药物释放平台、分离膜、光学设备、传感器、细胞培养、能源和电子设备。因此，在这篇综述中，提供了对 AAO 复合材料在制备和应用方面的互补进步的令人振奋的前景的看法。图形摘要图形摘要