Ground fissure is a geological hazard that poses a great threat to human life and, property and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to detect shallow underground fissures effectively. In this paper, a time-frequency analysis of Rayleigh waves based on the wavelet transform is proposed to detect shallow underground fissures. The arrival time of the directed Rayleigh waves and the diffracted Rayleigh waves from the underground fissure is extracted from the time-frequency spectrum of any two traces. Furthermore, the locations of the underground fissures are calculated according to the time difference relation. Four sets of fracture models and one set of field data were used to test the effectiveness of the wavelet transform of Rayleigh waves. Moreover, the detection results of the actual data are compared with that of the high-density electrical method to further prove its detection effect. The field investigation shows that using the wavelet transform of Rayleigh waves to detect shallow underground fissures is feasible and effective.

地面裂缝是一种地质灾害，对人类生命，财产和环境构成了巨大威胁。因此，有必要对地下浅裂缝进行有效探测。本文提出了一种基于小波变换的瑞利波时频分析方法，用于探测地下浅裂缝。从任何两条迹线的时间频谱中提取了定向瑞利波和来自地下裂缝的衍射瑞利波的到达时间。此外，根据时差关系计算地下裂缝的位置。使用四组裂缝模型和一组现场数据来测试瑞利波的小波变换的有效性。此外，将实际数据的检测结果与高密度电法的检测结果进行比较，进一步证明了其检测效果。现场研究表明，利用瑞利波的小波变换检测地下浅层裂隙是可行和有效的。