Optimal plant growth in many species is achieved when the two major forms of N are supplied at a particular ratio. In this pot experiment, the effects of five different ammonium:nitrate ratios (ANRs) (0:100, 12.5:87.5, 25:75, 37.5:62.5, and 50:50) on photosynthesis efficiency in chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants were evaluated. The results showed that an ANR of 25:75 increased the contents of chl a, leaf area and dry matter, whereas chl b content was not affected by the ANRs. Regarding chlorophyll fluorescence, an ANR of 25:75 also enhanced the actual photochemical efficiency, photochemical quenching and maximum photosynthetic rate. However, the 0:100 and 50:50 ANRs resulted in higher values for nonphotochemical quenching. An inhibition of maximal photochemical efficiency was found when 50% NH₄⁺ was supplied at the later stage of plant growth. The addition of 25% or 37.5% NH₄⁺ was beneficial for gas exchange parameters and the 25% NH₄⁺ optimised the thylakoid of chloroplasts. Compared with nitrate alone, 12.5–50% NH₄⁺ upregulated glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), the large subunit and the small subunit of Rubisco. It can be concluded that the 25:75 ANR accelerated N assimilation through active GDH, which provides a material basis for chloroplast and Rubisco formation, resulting in the increased photosynthetic rate and enhanced growth in chilli pepper.

中文翻译：

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更正：通过优化铵盐与硝酸盐的比例，通过叶绿体超微结构和酶活性促进辣椒（辣椒）的光合作用

当以特定比例提供两种主要形式的N时，可以实现许多物种的最佳植物生长。在这个盆栽实验中，五种不同的铵：硝酸盐比率（ANR）（0：100、12.5：87.5、25：75、37.5：62.5和50:50）对辣椒（辣椒）的光合作用效率的影响。 ）对植物进行了评估。结果表明，ANR为25:75时会增加chl a，叶面积和干物质的含量，而chl b内容不受ANR的影响。关于叶绿素荧光，ANR为25:75还可以提高实际的光化学效率，光化学猝灭和最大光合速率。但是，0：100和50:50的ANR导致非光化学猝灭的值更高。当在植物生长的后期提供50％NH ₄ ⁺时，发现最大光化学效率受到抑制。添加25％或37.5％的NH ₄ ⁺有利于气体交换参数，而25％NH ₄ ^+则优化了叶绿体的类囊体。与单独的硝酸盐相比，12.5–50％NH ₄ ⁺谷氨酸脱氢酶（GDH），Rubisco的大亚基和小亚基上调。可以得出结论，25:75 ANR通过活性GDH促进了N同化，这为叶绿体和Rubisco的形成提供了物质基础，从而提高了辣椒的光合速率并增强了辣椒的生长。