Aerobic composting is a sustainable method for chicken manure recycling, while its unsuitable porosity and carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) may result in high nitrogen loss and incomplete composting. With the aim to investigate the effects of carbon-based additives and two ventilation rates on chicken manure composting and microbial community, two series of treatments were set up for chicken manure composting, in order to investigate their effects on the biodegradation process, ammonia (NH3) emission, nitrogen loss, physiochemical properties and microbial community. The results showed that additives and ventilation rates set in the current study influenced the carbon dioxide (CO2) production from the 2nd week and also the physiochemical parameters during the entire process, while no inhibitory effect on the maturity were observed. With woody peat as additive, the NH3 emission amount and nitrogen loss rate were shown as 15.86 mg and 4.02%, less than those in other treatments, 31.08-80.13 mg and 24.26-34.24%, respectively. The high aeration rate increased the NH3 emission and nitrogen loss, which were varied when the additives were different. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) results showed that the additives and the ventilation rates changed the microbial community, while the prominent microbial clones belonged to the class of Bacilli and Clostridia (in the phylum of Firmicutes), and Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria (in the phylum of Proteobacteria). Bacillus spp. was observed to be the most dominant bacteria in all the composting stages and treatments. It was concluded that woody peat could improve chicken manure composting more than other additives, especially on reducing nitrogen loss, meanwhile 0.18 L‧min-1‧kg-1 DM was suitable for various additives. Therefore, suitable additive and aeration rate could be used in practical application, which could significantly reduce nitrogen loss without influence on the compos maturity process.

中文翻译：

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碳基添加剂和通风速率对鸡粪堆肥过程中氮损失和微生物群落的影响。

有氧堆肥是一种可持续的鸡粪循环利用方法，而其不合适的孔隙率和碳氮比（C / N）可能导致高氮损失和不完全堆肥。为了研究碳基添加剂和两种通风速率对鸡粪堆肥和微生物群落的影响，建立了两个系列的鸡粪堆肥处理方法，以研究其对生物降解过程氨（NH3）的影响。 ）排放，氮损失，理化特性和微生物群落。结果表明，当前研究中设定的添加剂和通风速率影响了从第2周开始的二氧化碳（CO2）的生产以及整个过程中的理化参数，而未观察到对成熟的抑制作用。以木炭泥炭为添加剂，NH3排放量和氮损失率分别为15.86 mg和4.02％，低于其他处理方法的31.08-80.13 mg和24.26-34.24％。高通气率增加了NH3的排放和氮的损失，当添加剂不同时，NH3的排放和氮的损失也会变化。末端限制性片段长度多态性（T-RFLP）结果表明，添加剂和通气速率改变了微生物群落，而突出的微生物克隆属于芽孢杆菌和梭状芽胞杆菌（在Firmicutes门类中）以及Alphaproteobacteria，Deltaproteobacteria和γ-变形杆菌（在变形杆菌的门中）。芽孢杆菌 在所有堆肥阶段和处理过程中，被认为是最主要的细菌。结论是木炭泥炭比其他添加剂对鸡粪堆肥的改善更大，尤其是在减少氮损失方面，同时0.18 L·min-1·kg-1 DM适合各种添加剂。因此，在实际应用中可以采用合适的添加剂和曝气速率，从而可以显着减少氮的损失而不会影响组合物的成熟过程。