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Using self-determination theory to understand eating behaviors and weight change in emerging adults.
Eating Behaviors ( IF 2.936 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2020.101433
Rick A LaCaille 1 , Stephanie A Hooker 2 , Lara J LaCaille 1
Affiliation  

Introduction

College may be a time when emerging adults establish eating patterns that influence future weight trajectories. Self-determination theory (SDT) suggests that satisfaction of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness) supports autonomous regulation of behavior, which is associated with healthier behaviors. When needs are frustrated, individuals feel as though their behaviors are controlled by others, which is associated with unhealthy behaviors. This study used SDT to examine a model for associated body satisfaction, eating/weight control behaviors, and weight change.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional design, undergraduates (N = 875; 57% women; AgeM = 20 ± 1.4 yrs.; BMIM = 24.3 ± 4.4) completed measures of need satisfaction and frustration, behavioral regulation of healthy weight, body satisfaction, eating/weight control behaviors, and weight change in their first semester of college.

Results

Structural equation modeling showed that need satisfaction was positively associated with greater autonomous regulation, which was positively associated with greater body satisfaction and fruit/vegetable intake. Conversely, greater need frustration was associated with greater controlled regulation, which was associated with lower body satisfaction. Participants who had greater body satisfaction engaged in fewer unhealthy weight control behaviors. Engaging in more unhealthy behaviors was associated with greater weight gain during the first semester of college, whereas fruit and vegetable intake was not associated with weight change. The associations were stronger for women than men, particularly for the relationships between body satisfaction and unhealthy weight control behaviors and increased weight gain.

Conclusions

The model was generally supported, suggesting that psychological need satisfaction and autonomous motivation in college students may facilitate greater body satisfaction and healthier eating behaviors. Future longitudinal research is needed to clarify the factors that influence health behaviors and weight gain in college students.



中文翻译:

使用自决理论了解新兴成年人的饮食行为和体重变化。

介绍

大学时代可能是新兴成年人建立影响未来体重轨迹的饮食方式的时候。自我决定理论(SDT)表明,满足基本的心理需求(自主权,能力,亲和力)可以支持行为的自主调节,这与更健康的行为有关。当需求受挫时,个人会觉得自己的行为受到他人的控制,这与不健康的行为有关。这项研究使用SDT检验了相关的身体满意度,饮食/体重控制行为和体重变化的模型。

方法

使用横截面设计,本科生(N  = 875; 57%的女性;年龄M  = 20±1.4岁; BMI M  = 24.3±4.4)完成了对需求满意度和沮丧感,健康体重的行为调节,身体满意度,饮食/体重控制行为,以及大学第一学期的体重变化。

结果

结构方程模型表明,需要的满足与更大的自主调节成正相关,而自主调节与更大的身体满足和水果/蔬菜摄入成正相关。相反,更大的需求挫败感与更大的可控调节能力相关,这与更低的身体满意度相关。较高的身体满意度的参与者进行较少的不健康的体重控制行为。在大学第一学期,从事更多不健康的行为与增加体重有关,而摄入水果和蔬菜与体重变化无关。女性的这种联想比男性更强,尤其是在身体满意度与不健康的体重控制行为和体重增加之间的关系。

结论

该模型得到了普遍支持,表明大学生的心理需求满意度和自主动机可能会促进更大的身体满意度和更健康的饮食行为。需要进行未来的纵向研究来阐明影响大学生健康行为和体重增加的因素。

更新日期:2020-09-11
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