Abstract

Recent initiatives emphasize the need to consider developmental and transdiagnostic contributions of temperamental variation to psychopathological expression. Triarchic neurobehavioral trait dimensions (boldness, meanness, disinhibition), which demonstrate compatibility with established temperament models and can be quantified using items from different existing inventories, are well-suited to pursuing these goals. We undertook to develop item-based scales for indexing these traits in 285 children (ages 5-10) tested in the Child Mind Institute’s Healthy Brain Network (HBN) study, and evaluated their psychometric properties in two separate samples of similar-aged children: 519 others from the HBN study and 261 for whom parental-informant ratings were obtained through MTurk. Associations with psychopathology measures provided evidence for a) transdiagnostic utility of the triarchic scales, b) (reversed) boldness as the strongest predictor of internalizing problems, c) meanness as related to both internalizing and externalizing problems, d) disinhibition as the strongest predictor of externalizing problems, and e)a moderating effect of meanness level on disinhibition’s relationship with externalizing problems. This research demonstrates that the triarchic traits can be effectively represented in young children and show expected relations with clinical outcome measures. As such, this work provides a foundation for developmental research clarifying the role that core neurobehavioral dispositions play in mental health.

摘要

最近的倡议强调需要考虑气质变化对精神病理学表达的发展和跨诊断贡献。三元神经行为特征维度（大胆、卑鄙、去抑制）)，它展示了与已建立的气质模型的兼容性，并且可以使用来自不同现有库存的项目进行量化，非常适合追求这些目标。我们承诺开发基于项目的量表，用于在 Child Mind Institute 的健康大脑网络 (HBN) 研究中测试的 285 名儿童（5-10 岁）中索引这些特征，并在两个相似年龄儿童的独立样本中评估他们的心理测量特性：来自 HBN 研究的其他 519 人和 261 人的父母-线人评级是通过 MTurk 获得的。与精神病理学测量的关联为 a) 三元量表的跨诊断效用提供了证据，b)（反向）大胆作为内化问题的最强预测指标，c) 与内化和外化问题相关的卑鄙，d) 去抑制作为外化问题的最强预测因子，以及 e) 卑鄙水平对去抑制与外化问题的关系的调节作用。这项研究表明，三元特征可以有效地在幼儿中表现出来，并显示出与临床结果测量的预期关系。因此，这项工作为阐明核心神经行为倾向在心理健康中的作用的发展研究奠定了基础。