This study examined whether cognitive control mediated the association between socioeconomic status (SES; composite of income‐to‐needs ratio and parent education) and changes in risk‐taking behaviors. The sample included 167 dyads of adolescents (53% male; M_age = 14.07 years at Time 1) and their parents, assessed annually across 4 years. Parents reported socioeconomic variables at Time 1. Adolescents reported risk‐taking behaviors at Times 1 and 4, and completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging cognitive control task at Times 2 and 3. Lower SES was associated with lower behavioral (but not neural) cognitive control, which was associated with increases in risk‐taking behaviors. The findings suggest that elevated socioeconomic risk may compromise cognitive control which can cascade into maladaptive behaviors in adolescence.

中文翻译：

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青少年认知控制和新兴冒险行为的社会经济风险

本研究检验了认知控制是否介导了社会经济地位（SES；收入与需求比率和父母教育的综合）与冒险行为变化之间的关联。样本包括 167 对青少年（53% 男性；M_年龄 = 时间 1) 时为 14.07 年）及其父母，在 4 年内每年评估一次。父母在时间 1 报告社会经济变量。青少年在时间 1 和 4 报告冒险行为，并在时间 2 和 3 完成功能性磁共振成像认知控制任务。较低的 SES 与较低的行为（但不是神经）认知控制相关，这与冒险行为的增加有关。研究结果表明，社会经济风险升高可能会损害认知控制，这可能会导致青春期的适应不良行为。