Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult., commonly known as Indian sarsaparilla or Anantamul, is an ethnopharmacologically important medicinal plant from the family Apocynaceae. Biosynthesis of an array of bioactive compounds such as methoxybenzaldehydes and their derivatives has been accountable for its intensive medicinal attributes. Low seed setting, over-exploitation from natural habitat and a need for selection and preservation of elite germplasms yielding higher levels of bioactive compounds have led researchers to enquire the standardization of micropropagation techniques and quantitative estimation of phytochemicals from H. indicus. The present work aims to have a comprehensive account on micropropagation in H. indicus, a comparative estimation of biotic and abiotic factors, viz. elicitors and precursors playing a crucial role in H. indicus tissue culture, a critical appraisal of applied protocols to nullify embellished claims and a discussion on future perspectives. The review also highlights the comparative effect of different plant growth regulators as well as their combined role in rhizogenesis, callogenesis, base callus formation, callusing and somatic embryo-mediated indirect organogenesis, outcome of explant selection, contribution of abiotic (temperature, photoperiod, moisture, inorganic molecules) factors, role of carbon source, application of sterilization techniques and associated success rates, role of factors essential for acclimatization and secondary metabolite production, synthetic seed production and genetic transformation techniques. The compiled information along with individual study details, respective outcome and variability of reports will aid in proper assessment of cited standardized tissue culture protocols in H. indicus especially in relation to secondary metabolite production. Moreover, the assessment of applicability of different methodologies in this aspect will aid in the selection of high-yielding germplasms or chemotypes which is not only profitable for industrial application but also important for basic and applied preclinical and clinical research studies. KEY POINTS: • Critical and updated assessment on in vitro biotechnology in Hemidesmus indicus. • Biotechnological advancement via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. • Key shortcomings and future research directions Graphical abstract Effect of biotic and abiotic factors on Micropropagation and secondary metabolite synthesis in Hemidesmus indicus.

中文翻译：

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Hemidesmus indicus L. Br .：对体外生物技术进步和观点的严格评估。

印度半翅目。ex Schult。，通常被称为印度sarsaparilla或Anantamul，是来自夹竹桃科的民族药理学上重要的药用植物。一系列生物活性化合物（如甲氧基苯甲醛及其衍生物）的生物合成为其密集的医学特性造成了负担。种子结实率低，自然栖息地的过度开发以及对选择和保存能产生更高水平生物活性化合物的优良种质的需求，导致研究人员开始探索微型繁殖技术的标准化以及对印度隐孢子虫植物化学物质的定量估计。本工作的目的是对印度血吸虫的微繁殖有一个全面的了解，即对生物和非生物因子的比较估计。激发子和前体在H中起关键作用。标记组织培养，对使有争议的主张无效的应用协议进行严格的评估以及对未来观点的讨论。该综述还强调了不同植物生长调节剂的比较作用，以及它们在发根，愈伤组织，碱基愈伤组织形成，愈伤组织和体细胞胚介导的间接器官发生，外植体选择的结果，非生物（温度，光周期，水分）的贡献中的综合作用。 ，无机分子）因素，碳源的作用，灭菌技术的应用和相关的成功率，适应环境和次生代谢产物，合成种子生产和遗传转化技术所必需的因素的作用。汇总的信息以及个人研究的详细信息，报告各自的结果和可变性将有助于适当地评估印度dic血中引用的标准化组织培养规程，特别是与次生代谢产物相关的评估。而且，在这方面对不同方法的适用性进行评估将有助于选择高产种质或化学型，这不仅对工业应用有利可图，而且对基础和应用的临床前和临床研究也很重要。要点：•关于印度卷心菜体外生物技术的重要和最新评估。•通过农杆菌介导的转化提高生物技术水平。•主要缺点和未来研究方向图形和摘要生物和非生物因素对印度半翅目微繁殖和次生代谢产物合成的影响。