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One-step synthesis of carbon nanospheres with encapsulated iron-nickel nanoalloy and its potential use as electrocatalyst
Nanotechnology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-09 , DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb9d9 Marlen Gonzalez-Reyna 1 , Aaron Rodriguez-Lopez , Juan Francisco Pérez-Robles
Nanotechnology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-09 , DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb9d9 Marlen Gonzalez-Reyna 1 , Aaron Rodriguez-Lopez , Juan Francisco Pérez-Robles
Affiliation
For many years, in electrochemical processes, carbon nanostructures with metal-supported have been employed as electrodes due to their high surface area, chemical stability, and excellent performance as catalyst support by allowing a better electronic transfer. Nevertheless, on the surface, metallic nanoparticles are susceptible to corrosion. Instead, by encapsulating individual nanoparticles, they are protected. Among the carbon nanostructures, the most common are graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and carbon nanospheres (CNSs). Unlike CNTs and CNSs, graphene is difficult to obtain in mass production limiting their applications. Regarding CNTs and CNSs, the second one present better catalytic activity. Nonetheless, the process of synthesis of CNSs with metal inside is commonly made by time-consuming autoclave processes, some involve more than 43 hours, and hence are expensive. Here, we suggest an advantageous synthesis of carbon nanospheres with iron-nickel alloy encapsulated inside, by using a one-step CVD process in less than 3 hours. This material has potential applications for environmental and energy processes. According to the authors, the uses of iron-nickel alloys as an electrocatalyst for the ammonia oxidation reaction has not been proved. Thus, we evaluate the composite as an electrocatalyst for the ammonia oxidation reaction, an electrochemical process that offers environmental remediation and hydrogen as a fuel. The electrochemical characterization shows that the use of a bimetallic electrode improves the catalytic activity. In this case, nickel is the active specie and iron is the metal added which reduces the reaction potential. Besides, the composite presents high specific capacitance, better than other materials proposed such as graphene decorated with FeNi alloys. This behavior can be related to the variation of the catalyst morphology (supported vs. encapsulated) by improving the catalyst dispersion and particle size stabilization.
中文翻译:
包封铁镍纳米合金一步合成碳纳米球及其作为电催化剂的潜在应用
多年来,在电化学过程中,金属负载的碳纳米结构由于其高表面积、化学稳定性和通过允许更好的电子转移作为催化剂载体的优异性能而被用作电极。然而,在表面上,金属纳米粒子很容易受到腐蚀。相反,通过封装单个纳米粒子,它们受到保护。在碳纳米结构中,最常见的是石墨烯、碳纳米管(CNT)和碳纳米球(CNS)。与 CNT 和 CNS 不同,石墨烯难以大规模生产,限制了它们的应用。关于 CNT 和 CNS,第二种具有更好的催化活性。尽管如此,内部含有金属的 CNS 的合成过程通常是通过耗时的高压灭菌过程完成的,有些需要超过 43 小时,因此很昂贵。在这里,我们建议通过在不到 3 小时内使用一步 CVD 工艺,在内部封装铁镍合金的碳纳米球的有利合成。这种材料在环境和能源过程中具有潜在的应用。这组作者说,尚未证明铁镍合金作为氨氧化反应电催化剂的用途。因此,我们将复合材料作为氨氧化反应的电催化剂进行评估,氨氧化反应是一种提供环境修复和氢气作为燃料的电化学过程。电化学表征表明,双金属电极的使用提高了催化活性。在这种情况下,镍是活性物质,铁是降低反应电位的添加金属。除了,该复合材料具有高比电容,优于其他提出的材料,例如用 FeNi 合金装饰的石墨烯。通过改善催化剂分散和粒度稳定性,这种行为可能与催化剂形态(负载型与包封型)的变化有关。
更新日期:2020-12-09
中文翻译:
包封铁镍纳米合金一步合成碳纳米球及其作为电催化剂的潜在应用
多年来,在电化学过程中,金属负载的碳纳米结构由于其高表面积、化学稳定性和通过允许更好的电子转移作为催化剂载体的优异性能而被用作电极。然而,在表面上,金属纳米粒子很容易受到腐蚀。相反,通过封装单个纳米粒子,它们受到保护。在碳纳米结构中,最常见的是石墨烯、碳纳米管(CNT)和碳纳米球(CNS)。与 CNT 和 CNS 不同,石墨烯难以大规模生产,限制了它们的应用。关于 CNT 和 CNS,第二种具有更好的催化活性。尽管如此,内部含有金属的 CNS 的合成过程通常是通过耗时的高压灭菌过程完成的,有些需要超过 43 小时,因此很昂贵。在这里,我们建议通过在不到 3 小时内使用一步 CVD 工艺,在内部封装铁镍合金的碳纳米球的有利合成。这种材料在环境和能源过程中具有潜在的应用。这组作者说,尚未证明铁镍合金作为氨氧化反应电催化剂的用途。因此,我们将复合材料作为氨氧化反应的电催化剂进行评估,氨氧化反应是一种提供环境修复和氢气作为燃料的电化学过程。电化学表征表明,双金属电极的使用提高了催化活性。在这种情况下,镍是活性物质,铁是降低反应电位的添加金属。除了,该复合材料具有高比电容,优于其他提出的材料,例如用 FeNi 合金装饰的石墨烯。通过改善催化剂分散和粒度稳定性,这种行为可能与催化剂形态(负载型与包封型)的变化有关。