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How Does Deprivation Affect Early-Age Mortality? Patterns of Socioeconomic Determinants of Neonatal and Postneonatal Mortality in Bolivia.
Demography ( IF 4.222 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s13524-020-00907-2
Filippo Temporin 1
Affiliation  

Three mechanisms related to household living standards might affect early-age mortality: the absolute level of deprivation, its level relative to the average of the community, and the inequality in the distribution of deprivation within communities. A large body of literature has explored the effect of the absolute level of deprivation, but little research has examined the association between relative deprivation and early-age mortality, and findings related to deprivation inequality are inconsistent. Using 2008 Bolivian Demographic and Health Survey data, this study explores patterns of association between the three factors and mortality occurring in the neonatal and postneonatal periods. Because household-level deprivation might capture some unmeasured characteristics at the community level, such as area-specific investments, this study decomposes household-level deprivation into its between- and within-community components. The results show that after possible confounders are controlled for, community-level absolute deprivation is a significant predictor of neonatal and postneonatal mortality. Relative deprivation and deprivation inequality are not associated with early-age mortality. These findings are specific to a context of widespread deprivation and low inequality within communities; the role of the distribution of deprivation might be more important in countries in which basic needs are met within a bigger proportion of the population. This study helps identify crucial sectors of development related to living standards and deprivation inequality in order to tackle neonatal and postneonatal mortality.

中文翻译:

剥夺如何影响早期死亡率?玻利维亚新生儿和新生儿死亡率的社会经济决定因素模式。

与家庭生活水平相关的三个机制可能会影响早期死亡率:剥夺的绝对水平、其相对于社区平均水平的水平以及社区内剥夺分配的不平等。大量文献探讨了剥夺绝对水平的影响,但很少有研究考察相对剥夺与早年死亡率之间的关联,与剥夺不平等相关的研究结果也不一致。本研究使用 2008 年玻利维亚人口与健康调查数据,探讨了新生儿和新生儿后期这三个因素与死亡率之间的关联模式。因为家庭层面的剥夺可能会在社区层面捕捉到一些无法衡量的特征,例如特定区域的投资,本研究将家庭层面的剥夺分解为社区间和社区内的组成部分。结果表明,在控制了可能的混杂因素后,社区层面的绝对剥夺是新生儿和新生儿死亡率的重要预测指标。相对剥夺和剥夺不平等与早年死亡率无关。这些发现是针对普遍贫困和社区内不平等程度低的背景的;在基本需要在更大比例的人口中得到满足的国家,贫困分布的作用可能更为重要。这项研究有助于确定与生活水平和贫困不平等相关的关键发展部门,以解决新生儿和新生儿后期死亡率问题。
更新日期:2020-09-08
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