Although anomalous perceptual experiences are common in healthy older adults, they remain poorly characterized. In particular, it is unclear whether the phenomenology of these experiences differs between healthy older and younger adults. The current study examined similarities and differences in the factor structure of the Cardiff Anomalous Perceptions Scale (CAPS) in healthy, community-dwelling older (n = 194; Mage = 71.89, SD = 7.74, range = 52-91; 69.1% female) and younger adults (n = 421, Mage = 19.40, SD = 2.44, range = 17-34; 69.6% female; N = 615), using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, together with measurement invariance testing. The results found that a 2-factor correlated model comprising 23 of the original 32 CAPS items provided the best fit to the data. Further, scalar invariance was found between the two samples, indicating equivalence of the factor structure, factor loadings, and thresholds by age group. Compared with younger adults, the latent group means of older adults were also found to be equal on Factor 1, but significantly lower on Factor 2. Evidence of scalar age invariance on the CAPS suggests that this tool is valid for making comparisons between older and younger adults on two dimensions of anomalous perceptual experiences. Further, the results suggest that anomalous perceptions in the general community may be characterized by two components: anomalous body-centered self-experiences (e.g., alterations in body, touch, smell, and taste perception) and anomalous external experiences (e.g., auditory, visual, and sensed presence hallucinations); each of which may have different causes, correlates, and consequences for healthy ageing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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健康的成年人中卡迪夫异常知觉量表（CAPS）的因子结构和年龄不变性。

尽管异常的知觉经历在健康的老年人中很常见，但它们的特征仍然很差。特别是，尚不清楚健康的成年人与年轻人之间这些经历的现象是否有所不同。本研究调查了健康，社区居住的老年人（n = 194；法师= 71.89，SD = 7.74，范围= 52-91；女性69.1％）的加的夫异常感知量表（CAPS）的因子结构的异同。和年轻成年人（n = 421，法师= 19.40，SD = 2.44，范围= 17-34；女性为69.6％； N = 615），使用探索性和验证性因素分析以及测量不变性检验。结果发现，由原始32个CAPS项中的23个组成的2因子相关模型提供了最适合数据的模型。此外，在两个样本之间发现了标量不变性，指示按年龄段划分的因素结构，因素负荷和阈值的等效性。与年轻人相比，在因素1上，老年人的潜伏群体均值也相等，但在因素2上却显着降低。CAPS标量年龄不变性的证据表明，该工具可有效地对老年人和年轻人进行比较成人在两个方面的异常知觉体验。此外，研究结果表明，一般社区中的异常感知可能包含两个部分：以身体为中心的异常自我体验（例如，身体，触觉，嗅觉和味觉感知的改变）和异常的外部体验（例如，听觉，视觉和感觉到的幻觉）; 每个因素对于健康老龄化可能都有不同的原因，关联和后果。