Abstract

Tolypocladium guangdongense is a high-value edible fungus with various medicinal and food safety properties. However, its evolutionary and genetic information is still limited. Mitochondrial genomes are potential models for molecular evolution and phylogenetic studies. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of T. guangdongense, demonstrating circular sequence of 46,102 bp, containing 14 standard protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA subunit genes, and 28 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial genes indicated that T. guangdongense was clustered into the Tolypocladium genus with high support value, based on the core PCG dataset. In addition, rps3 is also a suitable marker in the phylogenetic analysis in Hypocreales. Gene rearrangement analysis indicated that the gene order of PCGs was highly consistent in Hypocreales, and tRNA rearrangement events occurred in most species of Hypocreales; however, the rearrangement rates were not taxonomically correlated. Divergence time estimation based on the old fossil record and previous reports revealed that T. guangdongense originated approximately in the middle Cenozoic (42 Mya, 95% highest posterior density interval: 43–116) with the Tolypocladium genus differentiation. Our results provided more mitogenomic information of T. guangdongense and shed new insights into evolution of the Tolypocladium genus.

Key points

• The general and unique features of T. guangdongense mitogenome are firstly reported.

• Phylogenetic analysis further verified the taxonomic status of T. guangdongense.

• Divergence time estimation provides more evolutionary information of T. guangdongense.

中文翻译：

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广东Tolypocladium的丝分裂基因组。

摘要

广东Tolypocladium是一种高价值的食用菌，具有多种药用和食品安全特性。但是，其进化和遗传信息仍然有限。线粒体基因组是分子进化和系统发育研究的潜在模型。在这项研究中，我们对完整的广东裂殖酵母的有丝分裂基因组进行了测序，显示了46,102 bp的环状序列，其中包含14个标准蛋白质编码基因（PCG），2个核糖体RNA亚基基因和28个tRNA基因。基于线粒体基因的系统发育分析表明，基于核心PCG数据集，广东冬虫夏草被聚类成具有较高支持价值的Tolypocladium属。另外，rps3也是在po的系统发育分析中合适的标记。基因重排分析表明，PCG中的基因顺序是高度一致肉座菌目，和tRNA重排事件发生在大多数物种肉座菌目; 但是，重排率与分类没有关系。根据旧的化石记录和先前的报道进行的发散时间估计显示，广东东锥虫大约起源于中新世（42 Mya，最高后密度区间为95％：43–116），并具有Tolypocladium属的分化。我们的研究结果提供了更多的广东线虫的线粒体信息，并为该菌的进化提供了新的见解。Tolypocladium属。

关键点

•首次报道了T. guangdongense有丝分裂基因组的一般性和独特性。

•系统发育分析进一步证实了广东冬虫夏草的分类学地位。

•发散时间估计提供了广东T的更多进化信息。