Trait self-control is important for well-being and mental and physical health. Most extant measures of self-control are limited in that they do not account for the multidimensionality and specificity of the trait. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a multidimensional and hierarchical scale of self-control in a full and a short version. The development of the Multidimensional Self-Control Scale (MSCS) and the Brief Multidimensional Self-Control Scale (BMSCS) was based on focus groups, a pilot, a main, and a validation sample (total N = 2,409). The 29-item MSCS consists of 6 first-order factors (Procrastination, Attentional Control, Impulse Control, Emotional Control, Goal Orientation, and Self-Control Strategies), 2 second-order factors (Inhibition and Initiation), and a third-order self-control factor. The 8 items in BMSCS provides a general trait self-control score. Findings from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the structures across samples, and internal consistency was acceptable. Assessment for acquiescence and sex differences indicated no major impacts on the scales. Strong convergent validity was observed with the Self-Control Scale (SCS) and the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS), as well as to other similar concepts. The MSCS subscales discriminated well between each other. Assessment of incremental validity of the MSCS over SCS, when controlling for sex and personality, showed significant increases in explained variance when predicting habits, hardiness, and life satisfaction. Similar significant results were observed for the BMSCS over the BSCS. Overall, results indicate that the new scales are useful measures that integrate recent theoretical and empirical findings of trait self-control. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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多维自我控制量表（MSCS）：开发和验证。

特质的自我控制对于幸福以及心理和身体健康至关重要。大多数现有的自我控制措施是有限的，因为它们没有考虑到性状的多维性和特异性。这项研究的目的是开发和验证完整版本和简短版本中自我控制的多维层次结构规模。多维自我控制量表（MSCS）和简短多维自我控制量表（BMSCS）的开发基于焦点小组，飞行员，主要人员和验证样本（总N = 2,409）。MSCS的29个项目包括6个一阶因素（拖延，注意力控制，冲动控制，情绪控制，目标取向和自我控制策略），2个二阶因素（抑制和启动）和一个三阶因素自我控制因素。BMSCS中的8个项目提供了一般性状自我控制得分。探索性和验证性因素分析的结果支持了整个样本的结构，内部一致性是可以接受的。对默认和性别差异的评估表明，对量表没有重大影响。自我控制量表（SCS）和简短自我控制量表（BSCS）以及其他类似概念均具有很强的收敛效度。MSCS子量表之间有很好的区分。当控制性别和性格时，评估MSCS相对于SCS的增量有效性时，在预测习惯，抵抗力和生活满意度时，解释方差显着增加。对于BMSCS，在BSCS上也观察到了类似的重要结果。总体，结果表明，新的量表是整合最近的自我控制特质的理论和经验发现的有用措施。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。