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Efficacy and Characteristics of the Stimuli of Action Observation Therapy in Subjects With Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.
Frontiers in Neurology ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-13 , DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00808
Federico Temporiti 1, 2 , Paola Adamo 1 , Emanuele Cavalli 1 , Roberto Gatti 1, 2
Affiliation  

Background: The discovery of the Mirror Neuron System has promoted the development of Action Observation Therapy (AOT) to improve motor and functional abilities in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This innovative approach involves observing video-clips showing motor contents, which may vary across the studies influencing AOT efficacy. To date, no studies have systematically summarized the effects of AOT in patients with PD on motor and functional outcomes, underlining the characteristics of visual stimuli in relation to their efficacy. Objectives: To describe the potential benefits of AOT in patients with PD and discuss the characteristics of visual stimuli used in clinical studies in relation to their efficacy. Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out using MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and PEDro, from inception until March 2020. Randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of AOT on motor and functional recovery in patients with PD were included. Two independent reviewers appraised the records for inclusion, assessed the methodological quality, and extracted the following data: number and characteristics of participants, features and posology of the treatments, outcome measures at each follow-up, and main results. Findings were aggregated into a quantitative synthesis (mean difference and 95% confidence interval) for each time point. Results: Overall, 7 studies (189 participants) with a mean PEDro score of 6.1 (range: 4-8) points were selected. Included studies revealed AOT as effective in improving walking ability and typical motor signs (i.e., freezing of gait and bradykinesia) in patients with PD. Moreover, when this approach incorporated ecological auditory stimuli, changes to functional abilities and quality of life were also induced, which persisted up to 3 months after treatment. However, included studies adopted AOT stimuli with heterogeneous posology (from a single session to 8 weeks) and characteristics of motor contents might be responsible for different motor and functional recovery (person-related and viewing perspectives, transitive or intransitive actions, healthy subjects or patients, and association or not with imitation). Conclusions: AOT leads to improvements in motor and functional abilities in patients with PD and the characteristics of visual stimuli may play a role in determining AOT effects, deserving further investigations.

中文翻译:

帕金森氏病患者的行为观察疗法的疗效和特征:系统评价。

背景:镜像神经元系统的发现促进了动作观察疗法(AOT)的发展,以改善帕金森病(PD)患者的运动和功能能力。这种创新方法涉及观察显示运动内容的视频剪辑,这些视频内容在影响AOT功效的研究中可能会有所不同。迄今为止,尚无研究系统地总结AOT对PD患者运动和功能结局的影响,强调了视觉刺激与其疗效相关的特征。目的:描述AOT对PD患者的潜在益处,并讨论临床研究中使用的视觉刺激与其疗效相关的特征。方法:使用MEDLINE通过PubMed,EMBASE,Scopus和PEDro进行系统的文献检索,从成立到2020年3月。包括随机对照试验,研究AOT对PD患者运动和功能恢复的影响。两名独立的评审员评估了纳入记录,评估了方法学质量,并提取了以下数据:参与者的数量和特征,治疗的特征和位置,每次随访的结局指标以及主要结果。在每个时间点将发现汇总为定量综合(均值差和95%置信区间)。结果:总共选择了7项研究(189名参与者),平均PEDro得分为6.1(范围:4-8)分。包括在内的研究表明,AOT可有效改善PD患者的步行能力和典型运动征象(即步态冻结和运动迟缓)。此外,当这种方法结合了生态听觉刺激后,还诱导了功能能力和生活质量的变化,这种变化持续到治疗后3个月。但是,纳入的研究采用了具有不同姿势的AOT刺激(从一个疗程到8周),并且运动内容的特征可能会导致不同的运动和功能恢复(与人相关和视角不同,传递或不传递动作,健康受试者或患者) ,以及是否与模仿相关联)。结论:AOT可以改善PD患者的运动和功能能力,视觉刺激的特征可能在确定AOT的作用中发挥作用,值得进一步研究。还诱发了功能能力和生活质量的变化,这种变化持续至治疗后3个月。但是,纳入的研究采用了具有不同姿势的AOT刺激(从一个疗程到8周),并且运动内容的特征可能会导致不同的运动和功能恢复(与人相关和视角不同,传递或不传递动作,健康受试者或患者) ,以及是否与模仿相关联)。结论:AOT可以改善PD患者的运动和功能能力,视觉刺激的特征可能在确定AOT的作用中发挥作用,值得进一步研究。还诱发了功能能力和生活质量的变化,这种变化持续至治疗后3个月。但是,纳入的研究采用了具有不同姿势的AOT刺激(从一个疗程到8周),并且运动内容的特征可能会导致不同的运动和功能恢复(与人相关和视角不同,传递或不传递动作,健康受试者或患者) ,以及是否与模仿相关联)。结论:AOT可以改善PD患者的运动和功能能力,视觉刺激的特征可能在确定AOT的作用中发挥作用,值得进一步研究。纳入的研究采用AOT刺激并具有不同的姿势(从一个疗程到8周),并且运动内容的特征可能导致不同的运动和功能恢复(与人相关和观察角度,及物或不及物作用,健康受试者或患者,以及是否与模仿相关联)。结论:AOT可以改善PD患者的运动和功能能力,视觉刺激的特征可能在确定AOT的作用中发挥作用,值得进一步研究。纳入的研究采用AOT刺激并具有不同的姿势(从一个疗程到8周),并且运动内容的特征可能导致不同的运动和功能恢复(与人相关和观察角度,及物或不及物作用,健康受试者或患者,以及是否与模仿相关联)。结论:AOT可以改善PD患者的运动和功能能力,视觉刺激的特征可能在确定AOT的作用中发挥作用,值得进一步研究。
更新日期:2020-08-13
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