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The Ethical Governance of the Digital During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Minds and Machines ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s11023-020-09528-5
Mariarosaria Taddeo 1, 2
Affiliation  

“Those who live by the digit, die by the digit” (Floridi 2014a), stresses Floridi to highlight that cybersecurity risks pose serious threats to (mature) information societies (Floridi 2016)—societies that (expect to be able to) depend on digital technologies to function and prosper. These days, while the COVID-19 pandemic scourges the world, it seems that those who live by the digit may also be saved by the digit. This is true both metaphorically and literally. Metaphorically, in times of crisis the digital is not just convenient, it is a necessary enabler for societies to function, as it sustains social and economic activities. The phrase also works literally, for digital technologies support scientific research working on the virus and facilitate publichealth approaches to monitor, detect, and prevent the spreading of SARS-CoV-2 (Ting et al. 2020). Whether understood metaphorically or literally, the potential for good of digital technologies in time of a pandemic poses some serious ethical risks both for individual and societies. Consider, for example, the use of digital technologies to track the spreading of the virus. At the time of writing, 60 countries are using some form of digital tracking and tracing systems (DTTS) to this end.1 This number will grow, as more countries are developing similar measures. DTTS often rely on smartphones’ data to track people’s locations and contacts. This poses legal and ethical risks, ranging from pervasive (and excessive) access to individuals’ personal data to forms of mass-surveillance, which put human rights and civil liberties under a sharp devaluative pressure (Taddeo 2014). As the use of DTTS started to be considered, a wide debate on the ethical, legal, and social implication (ELSI) of these systems has emerged. Eventually, this debate has helped to inform the choice of governments to use methods and protocols that minimise data collection and protect individual privacy (most DTTS use Bluetooth data rather than GPS or WiFi data), reduce security threats, and mitigate the risks

中文翻译:

COVID-19 大流行期间和之后的数字道德治理

“那些以数字为生,以数字为生的人”(Floridi 2014a)强调,Floridi 强调网络安全风险对(成熟的)信息社会构成严重威胁(Floridi 2016)——这些社会(预计能够)依赖数字技术发挥作用和繁荣。这些天来,虽然 COVID-19 大流行肆虐世界,但似乎那些以数字为生的人也可能被数字拯救。这在比喻和字面上都是真实的。打个比方,在危机时期,数字不仅方便,而且是社会运作的必要推动力,因为它维持了社会和经济活动。这句话在字面上也适用,因为数字技术支持对病毒的科学研究,并促进公共卫生方法来监测、检测和预防 SARS-CoV-2 的传播(Ting 等人。2020)。无论是隐喻还是字面意思,数字技术在大流行期间的潜力都给个人和社会带来了一些严重的道德风险。例如,考虑使用数字技术来跟踪病毒的传播。在撰写本文时,有 60 个国家正在为此使用某种形式的数字跟踪和追溯系统 (DTTS)。1 随着越来越多的国家正在制定类似的措施,这个数字将会增加。DTTS 通常依靠智能手机的数据来跟踪人们的位置和联系人。这带来了法律和道德风险,从普遍(和过度)访问个人个人数据到形式的大规模监视,这使人权和公民自由处于急剧贬值的压力之下(Taddeo 2014)。随着开始考虑使用 DTTS,关于这些系统的伦理、法律和社会影响 (ELSI) 的广泛辩论已经出现。最终,这场辩论有助于告知政府选择使用最小化数据收集和保护个人隐私的方法和协议(大多数 DTTS 使用蓝牙数据而不是 GPS 或 WiFi 数据),减少安全威胁并降低风险
更新日期:2020-06-01
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