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Action bias in the public's clinically inappropriate expectations for antibiotics.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied ( IF 2.813 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-09 , DOI: 10.1037/xap0000269
Alistair Thorpe 1 , Miroslav Sirota 1 , Marie Juanchich 1 , Sheina Orbell 1
Affiliation  

Clinical guidelines recommend that physicians educate patients about illnesses and antibiotics to eliminate inappropriate preferences for antibiotics. We expected that information provision about illnesses and antibiotics would reduce but not eliminate inappropriate preferences for antibiotics and that cognitive biases could explain why some people resist the effect of information provision. In 2 experiments, participants (n₁ = 424; n₂ = 434) either received incomplete information (about the viral etiology of their infection) or complete information (about viral etiology and the ineffectiveness and harms of taking antibiotics), before deciding to rest or take antibiotics. Those in the complete information conditions responded to items on 4 biases: action bias, social norm, source discrediting, and information neglect. In 2 follow-up experiments (n₁ = 150; n₂ = 732), we aimed to counteract the action bias by reframing the perception of the resting option as an action. Complete information provision reduced but did not eliminate inappropriate preferences for antibiotics. Around 10% of people wanted antibiotics even when informed they are harmful and offer no benefit and even when the alternative option (i.e., rest) was framed as an active treatment option. Results suggest an action bias underpins this preference but appears challenging to counteract. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

公众对抗生素的临床不当期望的行动偏见。

临床指南建议医生对患者进行疾病和抗生素方面的教育,以消除对抗生素的不当偏好。我们预计有关疾病和抗生素的信息提供会减少但不会消除对抗生素的不当偏好,并且认知偏差可以解释为什么有些人抵制信息提供的影响。在 2 个实验中,参与者(n₁ = 424;n2 = 434)要么收到不完整的信息(关于他们感染的病毒病原学),要么收到完整的信息(关于病毒病原学和服用抗生素的无效性和危害),然后决定休息或服用抗生素。处于完全信息条件下的人回答了 4 种偏见的问题:行动偏见、社会规范、来源抹黑和信息忽视。在 2 个后续实验(n₁ = 150;n2 = 732)中,我们旨在通过将静止选项的感知重新定义为一种动作来抵消动作偏差。完整的信息提供减少但没有消除对抗生素的不当偏好。大约 10% 的人想要抗生素,即使他们被告知抗生素有害且没有任何好处,甚至当替代选择(即休息)被设计为积极的治疗选择时也是如此。结果表明,行动偏见是这种偏好的基础,但似乎很难抵消。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。大约 10% 的人想要抗生素,即使他们被告知抗生素有害且没有任何好处,甚至当替代选择(即休息)被设计为积极的治疗选择时也是如此。结果表明,行动偏见是这种偏好的基础,但似乎很难抵消。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。大约 10% 的人想要抗生素,即使他们被告知抗生素有害且没有任何好处,甚至当替代选择(即休息)被设计为积极的治疗选择时也是如此。结果表明,行动偏见是这种偏好的基础,但似乎很难抵消。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2020-04-09
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