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Spectral Discrimination of Archaeological Sites Previously Occupied by Farming Communities Using In Situ Hyperspectral Data
Journal of Spectroscopy ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-17 , DOI: 10.1155/2019/5158465
Olaotse Lokwalo Thabeng 1, 2 , Elhadi Adam 2 , Stefania Merlo 2
Affiliation  

This study investigates the ability of field spectra measurements to discriminate between soils from non-sites (natural soils) and from archaeological sites, such as middens (rubbish-dumping areas) and animal byres. First, we tested whether there is a difference in the concentration of elements between different soil types using analysis of variance while random forest (RF) and forward variable selection (FVS) methods were used to select important soil elements for the classification of the archaeological sites. In the second approach, we evaluated the ability of field spectroscopy reflectance measurements to discriminate among nonsites, middens, vitrified dung, and nonvitrified dung byres. The guided regularised random forest (GRRF) was used to identify important wavelengths for the discrimination of abovementioned archaeological and nonarchaeological soils. Thereafter, the selected soil elements and wavelengths were used as input variables in the RF classification algorithm to classify the nonsites, middens, vitrified dung, and nonvitrified dung. The findings reveal that there is a significant difference in the composition of chemical elements and spectral signatures of nonsites, middens, vitrified dung, and nonvitrified dung. In summary, high classification accuracies achieved when using field spectroscopy data prove that remote sensing techniques can be used to exploit the spectral differences among the abovementioned soil types in mapping archaeological feature characteristics of farming communities’ settlements.

中文翻译:

使用原位高光谱数据对以前由农业社区占领的考古遗址进行光谱区分

这项研究调查了现场光谱测量能力,以区分非现场土壤(天然土壤)和考古现场的土壤,例如中部地区(垃圾倾倒区)和动物圈地。首先,我们使用方差分析测试了不同土壤类型之间元素的浓度是否存在差异,而随机森林(RF)和前向变量选择(FVS)方法则被用于选择重要的土壤元素以进行考古遗址分类。在第二种方法中,我们评估了现场光谱反射率测量能力以区分非现场,中部,玻璃化粪便和非玻璃化粪便。引导的正规化随机森林(GRRF)用于识别区分上述考古和非考古土壤的重要波长。此后,在RF分类算法中,将选定的土壤元素和波长用作输入变量,以对非部位,中部,玻璃化粪便和非玻璃化粪便进行分类。这些发现表明,非位点,中点,玻璃化粪便和非玻璃化粪便的化学元素组成和光谱特征存在显着差异。总而言之,使用现场光谱数据获得的高分类精度证明,在绘制农业社区定居点的考古特征特征时,可以使用遥感技术来利用上述土壤类型之间的光谱差异。此后,在RF分类算法中,将选定的土壤元素和波长用作输入变量,以对非部位,中部,玻璃化粪便和非玻璃化粪便进行分类。这些发现表明,非位点,中点,玻璃化粪便和非玻璃化粪便的化学元素组成和光谱特征存在显着差异。总而言之,使用现场光谱数据获得的高分类精度证明,在绘制农业社区定居点的考古特征特征时,可以使用遥感技术来利用上述土壤类型之间的光谱差异。此后,在RF分类算法中,将选定的土壤元素和波长用作输入变量,以对非部位,中部,玻璃化粪便和非玻璃化粪便进行分类。这些发现表明,非位点,中点,玻璃化粪便和非玻璃化粪便的化学元素组成和光谱特征存在显着差异。总而言之,使用现场光谱数据获得的高分类精度证明,在绘制农业社区定居点的考古特征特征时,可以使用遥感技术来利用上述土壤类型之间的光谱差异。这些发现表明,非位点,中点,玻璃化粪便和非玻璃化粪便的化学元素组成和光谱特征存在显着差异。总而言之,使用现场光谱数据获得的高分类精度证明,在绘制农业社区定居点的考古特征特征时,可以使用遥感技术来利用上述土壤类型之间的光谱差异。这些发现表明,非位点,中点,玻璃化粪便和非玻璃化粪便的化学元素组成和光谱特征存在显着差异。总而言之,使用现场光谱数据获得的高分类精度证明,在绘制农业社区定居点的考古特征特征时,可以使用遥感技术来利用上述土壤类型之间的光谱差异。
更新日期:2019-10-17
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