Background. Weight loss in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients is a common but poorly understood manifestation. Several studies have reported that weight changes could be related to motor symptoms, drug side effects, dysphagia, depression, and/or dementia. Weight loss in PD is not a benign phenomenon and it has several clinical and prognostic implications with increased morbidity and mortality. Thus, it is crucial to determine nutritional changes in PD patients in order to prevent malnutrition and improve their quality of life. Objective. To compare body composition and resting metabolic rates between PD patients and controls. Methods. A total of 64 PD patients and 52 controls were studied. The Hoehn-Yahr scale was used to determine the disease stage, clinical and epidemiological data were recorded from verbal questionnaire, Inbody S10® was used to collect corporal parameters, and FitMate system was used to assess the resting metabolic rate. Results. No significant differences were found between both experimental groups in age, gender, height, cholesterol levels, and the presence of hypertension, diabetes, and hypo/hyperthyroidism. However, the PD group showed lower body fat mass, whole-body fat percentage, and greater resting metabolic rate compared to controls (), with no significant differences in musculoskeletal mass. Parkinson’s disease postural instability/gait difficulty (PD-PIGD) subtype showed lower body fat parameters, increased fat-free mass, and higher resting metabolic rates. Conclusions. These results suggest that PD patients present an increased resting metabolic rate associated with the postural instability/gait difficulty PD subtype, allowing a selective decrease of body fat mass and not musculoskeletal mass. Of note, several disease-related factors may contribute to this weight loss in PD patients, being a complex and multifactorial consequence. Our findings could likely be one of the many contributing factors. However, present findings may further add to our understanding of the phenomenon of weight loss in patients with PD.

中文翻译：

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与姿势不稳/步态困难帕金森病亚型相关的身体成分改变和静息代谢率增加

背景。帕金森病 (PD) 患者的体重减轻是一种常见但知之甚少的表现。几项研究报告称，体重变化可能与运动症状、药物副作用、吞咽困难、抑郁和/或痴呆有关。PD 中的体重减轻不是一种良性现象，它具有一些临床和预后意义，发病率和死亡率增加。因此，确定 PD 患者的营养变化对于预防营养不良和提高他们的生活质量至关重要。客观。比较 PD 患者和对照组的身体成分和静息代谢率。方法. 共研究了 64 名 PD 患者和 52 名对照。采用Hoehn-Yahr量表确定疾病分期，通过口头问卷记录临床和流行病学数据，使用Inbody S10®收集身体参数，使用FitMate系统评估静息代谢率。结果。两个实验组在年龄、性别、身高、胆固醇水平以及是否存在高血压、糖尿病和甲状腺功能减退/甲状腺功能亢进方面没有发现显着差异。然而，与对照组相比，PD 组显示出较低的体脂量、全身脂肪百分比和更高的静息代谢率。肌肉骨骼质量没有显着差异。帕金森病姿势不稳/步态困难 (PD-PIGD) 亚型显示出较低的体脂参数、增加的无脂肪质量和较高的静息代谢率。结论。这些结果表明，PD 患者的静息代谢率增加与姿势不稳/步态困难 PD 亚型相关，允许选择性减少体脂肪量而不是肌肉骨骼量。值得注意的是，一些与疾病相关的因素可能会导致 PD 患者的体重减轻，这是一个复杂且多因素的后果。我们的发现可能是众多促成因素之一。然而，目前的研究结果可能会进一步增加我们对 PD 患者体重减轻现象的理解。