The prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), as a predominantly prostate-specific marker, is overexpressed in most prostate cancer specimens, is positively correlated with prostate cancer androgen independence, and has the potential to be treated with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) as a gene therapy target. Using the typical androgen deprivation therapy, most tumors will progress to CRPC, as well as develop into neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) characterized by the expression of neuroendocrine markers such as enolase 2 (NSE). Our study was aimed at investigating the expressions of PSCA and NSE and the relationship between the two markers, as well as the correlation between the PSCA and NSE expressions and the clinicopathological parameters in prostate cancer specimens from 118 patients by using immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrated that the PSCA and NSE protein expressions did not correlate with the prostate cancer patients’ age or the hormone therapy but showed a significant correlation with the pathological tumor stage of prostate cancer, the Gleason score, and the presence of metastasis. There is a positive association between PSCA and NSE but a negative one between the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and PSCA or between PSA and NSE. High PSCA and NSE expressions correlated with a poor prognosis in prostate cancer patients. PSCA may play an important role in the progression of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC).

中文翻译：

---

前列腺癌中PSCA表达与神经内分泌分化的相关性

前列腺干细胞抗原（PSCA）作为主要的前列腺特异标志物，在大多数前列腺癌标本中均过表达，与前列腺癌雄激素独立性呈正相关，并且有可能接受去势抵抗性前列腺癌（CRPC）治疗作为基因治疗的目标。使用典型的雄激素剥夺疗法，大多数肿瘤将发展为CRPC，并发展为神经内分泌前列腺癌（NEPC），其特征在于表达神经内分泌标志物，例如烯醇酶2（NSE）。我们的研究旨在通过免疫组织化学方法研究118例前列腺癌标本中PSCA和NSE的表达以及这两种标记之间的关系，以及PSCA和NSE的表达与临床病理参数之间的相关性。我们的结果表明，PSCA和NSE蛋白的表达与前列腺癌患者的年龄或激素治疗无关，但与前列腺癌的病理肿瘤分期，格里森评分和转移的发生密切相关。PSCA与NSE之间存在正相关，而前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）与PSCA之间或PSA与NSE之间存在负相关。PSCA和NSE的高表达与前列腺癌患者预后差有关。PSCA可能在神经内分泌前列腺癌（NEPC）的进展中起重要作用。和转移的存在。PSCA与NSE之间存在正相关，而前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）与PSCA之间或PSA与NSE之间存在负相关。PSCA和NSE的高表达与前列腺癌患者预后差有关。PSCA可能在神经内分泌前列腺癌（NEPC）的进展中起重要作用。和转移的存在。PSCA与NSE之间存在正相关，而前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）与PSCA之间或PSA与NSE之间存在负相关。PSCA和NSE的高表达与前列腺癌患者预后差有关。PSCA可能在神经内分泌前列腺癌（NEPC）的进展中起重要作用。