Trains are an important means of transportation for people to travel. The train's soft sleeper compartment space is relatively small, and the density of people is relatively large. Therefore, improving the thermal comfort and air quality of the compartment is of great significance for ensuring a healthy travel environment. To analyze the appropriate mode of conditioned air supply in train soft sleeper compartments, the airflow distribution inside soft sleeper compartments is simulated numerically at four different air supply modes, namely, sidewall air supply with slot diffusers, perforated ceiling air supply, bedside task–ambient air conditioning, and displacement ventilation. The reliability of the numerical simulation models is verified with the experimental data in the literature. Comparative analysis is made in terms of the compartment temperature, velocity, predicted mean vote and predicted percentage dissatisfied (PMV-PPD), and ventilation efficiency among various modes of air supply. The four air supply schemes are evaluated comprehensively by stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA-2). As the computational results show, bedside task–ambient air conditioning is the best air supply mode in terms of comprehensive performance indicators, followed by the sidewall slot air supply. The perforated ceiling air supply ranks third, and is superior to displacement ventilation.

火车是人们出行的重要交通工具。火车的软卧车厢空间较小，人的密度也较大。因此，改善车厢的热舒适性和空气质量对于确保健康的旅行环境具有重要意义。为了分析列车软卧车厢中适当的空调供气模式，在四种不同的供气模式下对数值进行了模拟，模拟了软卧车厢内的气流分布，即带有槽扩散器的侧墙供气，带孔的天花板供气，床头工作环境空调和置换通风。文献中的实验数据验证了数值模拟模型的可靠性。根据车厢温度，速度，预测的平均投票和预测的不满意百分比（PMV-PPD）以及各种供气方式之间的通风效率进行了比较分析。通过随机多标准可接受性分析（SMAA-2）对四种空气供应方案进行了全面评估。计算结果表明，就综合性能指标而言，床边任务环境空调是最佳的供气方式，其次是侧壁槽式供气。穿孔的天花板供气排在第三位，优于置换通风。通过随机多标准可接受性分析（SMAA-2）对四种空气供应方案进行了全面评估。计算结果表明，就综合性能指标而言，床边任务环境空调是最佳的供气方式，其次是侧壁槽式供气。穿孔的天花板供气排在第三位，优于置换通风。通过随机多标准可接受性分析（SMAA-2）对四种空气供应方案进行了全面评估。计算结果表明，就综合性能指标而言，床边任务环境空调是最佳的供气方式，其次是侧壁槽式供气。穿孔的天花板供气排在第三位，优于置换通风。