To investigate the influence of number of electropolymerizable group of the donor side on electrochromic behaviors, three donor‐acceptor‐donor type monomers containing isonaphthalene diimide as acceptor core and electro‐polymerizable triphenyl amine (TPA) as the donor moiety have been designed and successfully synthesized via imidization of isonaphthalene anhydride with corresponding TPA derivatives. DFT calculations have predicted that electron density of HOMO is centralized on peripheral TPA unit and the same of LUMO is localized on central moiety. Polymer films from three monomers are electrodeposited on ITO/glass electrodes and have been characterized by cyclic voltammetry. Three polymers show multi electrochromic properties in a reversible manner with the color change from colorless to brown to blue at low working potential. Spectro‐electrochemistry studies of these films have revealed the high optical contrast (51.4 %, 69.8 %, 84.5 % respectively) of these polymers with the very fast bleaching (less than 1 s) and coloration (less than 2 s) time with very high coloration efficiencies. The electro switching stability has been performed up to 500 cycles and activity loses only 10 % after 3000 s. To demonstrate the potentials of these derivatives, solid‐state devices having these derivatives provide electrochromism in a very nice way without taking any protective precaution from air/moisture and its spectro‐electrochemistry behaviors have been also explored.

中文翻译：

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供体-受体-供体型三苯胺-异萘二酰亚胺衍生物的设计，合成和电致变色行为

为了研究供体侧可电聚合基团数量对电致变色行为的影响，设计并成功合成了三种以异萘二甲酰亚胺为受体核，可电聚合三苯胺（TPA）作为供体部分的供体-受体-供体型单体。通过异萘二甲酸酐与相应的TPA衍生物的酰亚胺化。DFT计算已预测HOMO的电子密度集中在外围TPA单元上，而LUMO的电子密度集中在中心部分上。将来自三种单体的聚合物薄膜电沉积在ITO /玻璃电极上，并通过循环伏安法进行了表征。三种聚合物以可逆的方式显示出多种电致变色特性，并且在低工作电势下颜色从无色变为棕色到蓝色。这些薄膜的光谱电化学研究表明，这些聚合物具有很高的光学对比度（分别为51.4％，69.8％，84.5％），并且具有非常快的漂白（少于1秒）和显色（少于2秒）时间以及非常高的褪色时间。着色效率。电开关稳定性已经执行了多达500个循环，并且在3000 s后活动仅损失了10％。为了证明这些衍生物的潜力，具有这些衍生物的固态器件可以非常好地提供电致变色，而无需采取任何防止空气/水分的防护措施，并且还探索了其光谱电化学行为。这些聚合物分别具有5％的漂白速度（少于1秒）和显色（少于2秒）时间以及非常高的着色效率。电开关稳定性已经执行了多达500个循环，并且在3000 s后活动仅损失了10％。为了证明这些衍生物的潜力，具有这些衍生物的固态器件可以非常好地提供电致变色，而无需采取任何防止空气/水分的防护措施，并且还探索了其光谱电化学行为。这些聚合物分别具有5％的漂白速度（少于1秒）和显色（少于2秒）时间以及非常高的着色效率。电开关稳定性已经执行了多达500个循环，并且在3000 s后活动仅损失了10％。为了证明这些衍生物的潜力，具有这些衍生物的固态器件可以非常好地提供电致变色，而无需采取任何防止空气/水分的防护措施，并且还探索了其光谱电化学行为。