Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was used for the analysis of multiple cyclic twins in cassiterite (SnO₂), which form during sintering of SnO₂ with small additions of CoO and Nb₂O₅. Grain misorientation analysis has shown that about one third of all grains contain {101} twin boundaries (TBs). The majority of these grains are contact twins, whereas a small fraction of grains are multiple, mainly cyclic twins. A procedure was developed in MTEX [Bachmann, Hielscher & Schaeben (2010). Solid State Phenom.160, 63–88] for automated identification of crystallographically different types of cyclic twins and found two main types: coplanar twins composed of three or four domains with a common [010] axis and alternating twins composed of three to seven domains oriented along the [111] axis. Both types of cyclic twins have a characteristic common origin (nucleus) of all TBs, which is positioned eccentric relative to the grain section and the cycle is closed with a shorter non‐crystallographic contact between the first and the last twin domain. The morphology of cyclic twins suggests that they form by nucleation in the initial stages of grain growth. The average size of twinned grains increases with the number of twin domains indicating the influence of TBs formation on the growth of composite grains.

中文翻译：

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掺CoO和Nb2O5的SnO2基陶瓷中的孪晶：电子背散射衍射揭示了多个孪晶的形态

电子背散射衍射（EBSD）用于分析锡石（SnO ₂）中的多个环状孪晶，这是在SnO ₂烧结过程中少量添加CoO和Nb ₂ O _5形成的。晶粒取向错误分析表明，所有晶粒中约有三分之一包含{101}双晶界（TB）。这些晶粒中的大多数是接触孪晶，而一小部分晶粒是多个，主要是环状孪晶。在MTEX中开发了一种程序[Bachmann，Hielscher＆Schaeben（2010）。固态现象。160，63–88]用于自动识别晶体学上不同类型的环状孪晶，发现了两种主要类型：共面孪晶，由三个或四个具有[010]轴的畴组成；交替孪晶由三到七个沿[111]取向的畴组成]轴。两种类型的环状孪晶都具有所有TB的特征性共同起源（核），它们相对于晶粒截面偏心放置，并且在第一个和最后一个孪晶域之间较短的非晶体学接触封闭了循环。环状孪晶的形态表明，它们是在晶粒生长的初始阶段通过成核形成的。孪晶晶粒的平均尺寸随孪晶畴数量的增加而增加，表明TBs的形成对复合晶粒生长的影响。